Top 13 salience network in 2022

Author: www.jneurosci.org

Date Submitted: 04/11/2019 10:41 PM

Average star voting: 4 ⭐ ( 88658 reviews)

Summary: The salience network (SN) is “the moderator.”
Responsible for attention and switches between internal and external thinking.

Match with the search results: The term “salience network” refers to a suite of brain regions whose cortical hubs are the anterior cingulate and ventral anterior insular ……. read more

Author: en.wikipedia.org

Date Submitted: 08/24/2021 06:19 PM

Average star voting: 3 ⭐ ( 71626 reviews)

Summary: Recent work suggests that the insula forms part of a network that mediates the processing of salient stimuli. In this Opinion article, Lucina Q. Uddin examines the role of the insula in salience processing before outlining that dysfunction of such processing in insular subdivisions might accompany several brain disorders. The brain is constantly bombarded by stimuli, and the relative salience of these inputs determines which are more likely to capture attention. A brain system known as the ‘salience network’, with key nodes in the insular cortices, has a central role in the detection of behaviourally relevant stimuli and the coordination of neural resources. Emerging evidence suggests that atypical engagement of specific subdivisions of the insula within the salience network is a feature of many neuropsychiatric disorders.

Match with the search results: The salience network (SN), also known anatomically as the midcingulo-insular network (M-CIN), is a large scale brain network of the human brain that is ……. read more

Author: www.sciencedirect.com

Date Submitted: 03/08/2020 06:03 PM

Average star voting: 3 ⭐ ( 52837 reviews)

Summary: Mindfulness is attention to present moment experience without judgment. Mindfulness practice is associated with brain activity in areas overlapping with the default mode, salience, and central executive networks (DMN, SN, CEN). We hypothesized that intrinsic functional connectivity (i.e. synchronized ongoing activity) across these networks is associated with mindfulness scores. After two weeks of daily 20-minutes attention to breath training, healthy participants were assessed by mindfulness questionnaires and resting-state functional MRI. Independent component analysis of imaging data revealed networks of interest, whose activity time series defined inter-network intrinsic functional connectivity (inter-iFC) by temporal correlation. Inter-iFC between subnetworks of the DMN and SN – and inter-iFC between subnetworks of the SN and left CEN at trend – was correlated with mindfulness scores. Additional control analyses about visual networks’ inter-iFC support the specificity of our findings. Results provide evidence that mindfulness is associated with intrinsic functional connectivity between default mode and salience networks. Data suggest that ongoing interactions among central intrinsic brain networks link with the ability to attend to current experience without judgment.

Match with the search results: The salience network, also known anatomically as the midcingulo-insular network, is a large scale brain network of the human brain that is primarily composed of the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex….. read more

Author: www.sciencedirect.com

Date Submitted: 08/11/2019 06:26 PM

Average star voting: 3 ⭐ ( 16713 reviews)

Summary: Social cognition relies on two main subsystems to construct the understanding of others, which are sustained by different social brain networks. One of these social networks is the default mode network (DMN) associated with the socio-cognitive subsystem (i.e., mentalizing), and other is the salience network (SN) associated with the socio-affective route (i.e., empathy). The DMN and the SN are well-known resting state networks that seem to constitute a baseline for the performance of social tasks. We aimed to investigate both networks’ functional connectivity (FC) pattern in the transition from resting state to social task performance. A sample of 38 participants involved in a monogamous romantic relationship completed a questionnaire of dyadic empathy and underwent an fMRI protocol that included a resting state acquisition followed by a task in which subjects watched emotional videos of their romantic partner and elaborated on their partner’s (Other condition) or on their own experience (Self condition). Independent component and ROI-to-ROI correlation analysis were used to assess alterations in task-independent (Rest condition) and task-dependent (Self and Other conditions) FC. We found that the spatial FC maps of the DMN and SN evidenced the traditional regions associated with these networks in the three conditions. Anterior and posterior DMN regions exhibited increased FC during the social task performance compared to resting state. The Other condition revealed a more limited SN’s connectivity in comparison to the Self and Rest conditions. The results revealed an interplay between the main nodes of the DMN and the core regions of the SN, particularly evident in the Self and Other conditions.

Match with the search results: Salience Network of the Human Brain focuses on the multiple sources of stimuli that compete for our attention, providing interesting discussions on how the relative salience—importance or prominence—of each of these inputs determines which ones we choose to focus on for more in-depth processing. ……. read more

Author: med.stanford.edu

Date Submitted: 04/11/2019 07:41 AM

Average star voting: 5 ⭐ ( 14124 reviews)

Summary: A rare brain stimulation study suggests that a brain circuit known as the “salience network” contributes to differences in our ability to overcome challenges…

Match with the search results: The salience network—the anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and ventral striatum—is involved in the interoception of the feelings associated with ……. read more

Author: www.o8t.com

Date Submitted: 03/23/2020 06:18 AM

Average star voting: 5 ⭐ ( 34864 reviews)

Summary: The primate caudal area 47/12 is anatomically and functionally connected with the main nodes of the salience network, supporting the role of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in all major attention networks.

Match with the search results: The salience network is a collection of regions of the brain that select which stimuli are deserving of our attention. The network has key nodes in the insular ……. read more

Author: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Date Submitted: 02/03/2021 05:49 AM

Average star voting: 3 ⭐ ( 82990 reviews)

Summary: Abstract. The salience network (SN) plays a critical role in cognitive control and adaptive human behaviors, but its electrophysiological foundations and millis

Match with the search results: …. read more

Author: www.nature.com

Date Submitted: 08/12/2020 04:34 PM

Average star voting: 3 ⭐ ( 85745 reviews)

Summary: The salience network plays an important role in detecting stimuli related to behavior and integrating neural processes. The aim of this study was to invest

Match with the search results: The salience network has distinct patterns of intrinsic cortical and subcortical connectivity from the lateral frontoparietal central executive network in the ……. read more

Author: www.pnas.org

Date Submitted: 03/26/2021 09:32 PM

Average star voting: 4 ⭐ ( 62818 reviews)

Summary:

Match with the search results: The main functional areas, or nodes, of the salience network are located in the anterior cingulate, the anterior insula,4,8and the ……. read more

Author: www.frontiersin.org

Date Submitted: 12/05/2021 03:49 AM

Average star voting: 3 ⭐ ( 73730 reviews)

Summary: This cross-sectional study examines the association of racial discrimination and the connectivity of salience network nodes to offer insight into the associatio

Match with the search results: The term “salience network” refers to a suite of brain regions whose cortical hubs are the anterior cingulate and ventral anterior insular ……. read more

Author: www.frontiersin.org

Date Submitted: 10/07/2019 05:02 PM

Average star voting: 4 ⭐ ( 95944 reviews)

Summary: Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in children and adolescents and are they cause of with considerable impairment at home, in school, and with friends. Intolerance of uncertainty (IU), or the inability to tolerate distress resulting from ambiguity, is one factor known to contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety. The salience network (SN) is one brain pathway thought to underlie IU and anxiety, as dysfunction in this network has been observed in those with high IU and those with anxiety disorders. The current study utilized data collected as part of an NIMH-funded neuroimaging study of adolescents (ages 12-14, n=78) presenting with mild to severe anxiety. During this study, adolescents completed self-report measures of IU (Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale – Child Version), and anxiety (Screen for Anxiety Related Disorders), a clinical interview (Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule), and a resting state fMRI scan. Fifty-three participants contributed usable clinical and scan data. Scan data were analyzed using CONN-fMRI Functional Connectivity Toolbox v18b. Statistical analyses were completed in SPSS; moderation analyses were completed using PROCESS for SPSS software. Regression analysis was used to relate IU to anxiety symptoms. Brain analyses associating IU with SN iFC and anxiety with SN iFC were completed. SN iFC was extracted and used as a moderator in regression analyses of IU predicting anxiety. Finally, several secondary analyses were completed, including SN whole brain analysis, and moderation analyses using the SN as a moderator on the associations between the two subfactors of IU, inhibitory IU and prospective IU, and children’s anxiety symptoms. Results supported that hypothesis that IU was related to children’s anxiety symptoms; however, no other hypotheses were supported. SN connectivity was not related to children’s IU, anxiety, or on the association between. These null results may have occurred for several reasons. First, an IU-related construct may have been a better predictor of anxiety than IU in this sample. Second, brain regions outside of the SN may contribute more to child IU and anxiety than those in the SN. Third, the study may have been underpowered to detect a moderation effect using brain data in anxious youth.

Match with the search results: The term “salience network” refers to a suite of brain regions whose cortical hubs are the anterior cingulate and ventral anterior insular ……. read more

Author: www.quantamagazine.org

Date Submitted: 07/06/2019 05:37 PM

Average star voting: 5 ⭐ ( 74186 reviews)

Summary: OBJECTIVE It is poorly understood why patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have cognitive deficits and brain network changes that extend beyond the temporal lobe, including altered extratemporal intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs). However, subcortical arousal structures project broadly to the neocortex, are affected by TLE, and thus may contribute to these widespread network effects. The authors’ objective was to examine functional connectivity (FC) patterns between subcortical arousal structures and neocortical ICNs, possible neurocognitive relationships, and FC changes after epilepsy surgery. METHODS The authors obtained resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 50 adults with TLE and 50 controls. They compared nondirected FC (correlation) and directed FC (Granger causality laterality index) within the salience network, default mode network, and central executive network, as well as between subcortical arousal structures; these 3 ICNs were also compared between patients and controls. They also used an fMRI-based vigilance index to relate alertness to arousal center FC. Finally, fMRI was repeated in 29 patients > 12 months after temporal lobe resection. RESULTS Nondirected FC within the salience (p = 0.042) and default mode (p = 0.0008) networks, but not the central executive network (p = 0.79), was decreased in patients in comparison with controls (t-tests, corrected). Nondirected FC between the salience network and subcortical arousal structures (nucleus basalis of Meynert, thalamic centromedian nucleus, and brainstem pedunculopontine nucleus) was reduced in patients in comparison with controls (p = 0.0028–0.015, t-tests, corrected), and some of these connectivity abnormalities were associated with lower processing speed index, verbal comprehension, and full-scale IQ. Interestingly, directed connectivity measures suggested a loss of top-down influence from the salience network to the arousal nuclei in patients. After resection, certain FC patterns between the arousal nuclei and salience network moved toward control values in the patients, suggesting that some postoperative recovery may be possible. Although an fMRI-based vigilance measure suggested that patients exhibited reduced alertness over time, FC abnormalities between the salience network and arousal structures were not influenced by the alertness levels during the scans. CONCLUSIONS FC abnormalities between subcortical arousal structures and ICNs, such as the salience network, may be related to certain neurocognitive deficits in TLE patients. Although TLE patients demonstrated vigilance abnormalities, baseline FC perturbations between the arousal and salience networks are unlikely to be driven solely by alertness level, and some may improve after surgery. Examination of the arousal network and ICN disturbances may improve our understanding of the downstream clinical effects of TLE.

Match with the search results: The salience network (SN), also known anatomically as the midcingulo-insular network (M-CIN), is a large scale brain network of the human brain that is ……. read more

Author: elifesciences.org

Date Submitted: 02/06/2019 07:40 AM

Average star voting: 5 ⭐ ( 13901 reviews)

Summary: When we’re stressed, it is often a reflection of our internal thoughts–our inner voice that is talking to us 24/7. Human beings are creatures of habit and routine, and that includes our linguistic and speaking patterns. Our brains are constantly shaped by our thoughts, which influence our words and shape our actions an

Match with the search results: The salience network, also known anatomically as the midcingulo-insular network, is a large scale brain network of the human brain that is primarily composed of the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex….. read more