Electric Eel | National Geographic

Common Name :

Electric Eel

Scientific Name :

Electrophorus electricus

Type :

Fish

Diet :

Carnivore

Group Name :

Swarm

Average Life Span In The Wild :

15 years

Size :

6 to 8 feet

Weight :

44 pounds

Size relative to a 6-ft man :

IUCN Red List Status :

Least concern

LC

NT

VU

EN

CR

EW

EX

Least Concern

Extinct

Current Population Trend :

Stable

Despite their serpentine appearance, electric eels are not actually eels. Their scientific classification is closer to carp and catfish.

Electric Discharge

These famous freshwater predators get their name from the enormous electrical charge they can generate to stun prey and dissuade predators. Their bodies contain electric organs with about 6,000 specialized cells called electrocytes that store power like tiny batteries. When threatened or attacking prey, these cells will discharge simultaneously.

Diet and Behavior

They live in the murky streams and ponds of the Amazon and Orinoco basins of South America, feeding mainly on fish, but also amphibians and even birds and small mammals. As air-breathers, they must come to the surface frequently. They also have poor eyesight, but can emit a low-level charge, less than 10 volts, which they use like radar to navigate and locate prey.

Characteristics

Electric eels can reach huge proportions, exceeding 8 feet in length and 44 pounds in weight. They have long, cylindrical bodies and flattened heads and are generally dark green or grayish on top with yellowish coloring underneath.

Threats to Humans

Human deaths from electric eels are extremely rare. However, multiple shocks can cause respiratory or heart failure, and people have been known to drown in shallow water after a stunning jolt.

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