Client-Server Networks

Client-server networks are computer networks that use a dedicated computer (server) to store data, manage/provide resources and control user access.

The server acts as a central point on the network upon which the other computers connect to.

A computer that connects to the server is called a client.

A client-server network is usually preferred over a peer-to-peer network that doesn’t have a central server to manage the network.

You can learn about peer-to-peer networks here.

Network server functions

A client-server network may have more than one server, each dedicated to handling a specific function.

Functions may include:

• Data storage
• Handling security
• Hosting shared applications
• Managing an internet connection
• Scheduling and running backups
• Email services
• Print jobs
• Domain name services
• Storing usernames and passwords to control access
• Assigning levels of access to resources
• Monitoring network traffic

Benefits of a client-server network

• Generally more secure than peer-to-peer networks
• One client computer crashing does not effect the other computers
• Easier to recover files as backups can be controlled centrally by the network administrator
• Files and resources are easier to share and control from server
• Improved levels of security as files are centralised
• It’s easier to administrate the whole network using a server
• Faster performance as each computer is only fulfilling one role
• Security is potentially cheaper and easier when done centrally
• Individual users do not have to worry about backups or security
• Larger networks can be created

Drawbacks of a client-server network

• Servers can be expensive to buy and maintain
• A network technician will often be required
• Trickier to set up with specialist knowledge needed
• Over-all set up cost is more expensive than a peer-to-peer network
• Server failure will probably disrupt all computers on the network