Nghị quyết 29-NQ/TW năm 2013 đổi mới căn bản toàn diện giáo dục đào tạo hội nhập quốc tế

CENTRAL
STEERING COMMITTEE
——–

COMMUNIST
PARTY OF VIETNAM
—————

No. 29-NQ/TW

Hanoi,
November 04, 2013

RESOLUTION

ON “FUNDAMENTAL AND COMPREHENSIVE INNOVATION IN EDUCATION,
SERVING INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION IN A SOCIALIST-ORIENTED MARKET
ECONOMY DURING INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION” RATIFIED IN THE 8th
SESSION.

A – Current condition and
causes

1 – Education in Vietnam have achieved
significant success and contributed to the development and protection of the
country after a period of implementing the strategy for developing education
during industrialization and modernization period of the Communist Party and
the State.

In particular: A relatively complete education
system, from pre-school to university, has been established. The infrastructure
and equipment serving education have been improved and gradually modernized.
The quantity of students increases rapidly, especially in universities and
vocational schools. The education quality has improved to a certain degree.
Both the quantity and quality of educators and administrative officers are
increased with increasingly reasonable structure. Expenditure on education
reaches 20% of the total government budget expenditure. Private sector involvement in
education has been boosted; the non-public education system has contributed
considerably to the overall education development. Education administration has
experienced certain changes.

Illiteracy elimination and primary completion
program was completed in 2000; secondary completion program was completed in
2010. The current target is preschool completion for children aged 5 and
improving the result of illiteracy elimination for adults. Education is more
accessible, especially to ethnic minorities and beneficiaries of incentive
policies; gender equality in education is basically achieved.

The aforementioned achievements are on account
of the traditional fondness for learning of Vietnamese, the consideration of
the Communist Party, the Government, Vietnamese Fatherland Front, the whole
society, the devotion of educators and administrative officers, the political
stability, and socio-economic development of the country.

2 – However, the quality and effectiveness of
education are still lower than expected, especially higher education and
vocational education. The education system lacks continuity between levels and
methods of education, and is rather theoretical than practical. The training
not well associated with scientific research, manufacture, business, and demand
of the labor market; education about ethics, lifestyles, and working skills are
underestimated. The method of education, testing, and assessment are still
obsolete and imprecise.

…

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Investment in education is not effective.
Financial policies on education are not suitable. Educational facilities are
insufficient and obsolete, especially in remote areas and impoverished areas.

3 – The aforementioned weaknesses are on account
of:

– The
enactment of the policies on education development of the Communist Party and
the Government, especially the statement that “Education is the top priority”
is still slow and tentative. The formulation and implementation of strategies,
plans, and programs for development of education fail to meet the needs of the
society.

– The
targets of education are not proper understood. The inclination to formalities
and false achievements, the overestimation of degrees are not eliminated, from
some aspects even more serious. Conservative mentality still obstructs social
resources from investing in education.

– State
management and education administration in educational institutions are not
noticeably separated. The quality control, inspection, and supervision are
still underestimated. The cooperation between state agencies, social
organizations and families are not close enough. The capacity of Vietnam and
most families to invest in education is still much lower than expected.

B – Orientation for
fundamental and comprehensive innovation in education

I – Viewpoints

1 – Education is the top priority, the cause of
the Communist Party, the Government and the people. Investment in education
means investment in development, and therefore put at the top in socio-economic
development plans.

Fundamental and comprehensive changes in
education means changes in major, pivotal, and imperative issues, such as
viewpoints, contents, methods, policies, and conditions; changes in the
leadership of the Communist Party, administration of the Government,
administration of educational institutions, participation of families, the
community, the society, and the learners themselves; changes in all levels and
disciplines.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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3 – Development of education means raising the
people’s awareness, training manpower, and cultivating the gifted. Transform
education from knowledge provision to comprehensive development of learners in
terms of capability and personal qualities. Associate learning with practicing;
combine school education with familial education and social education.

4 – Associate education development with
socio-economic development, national defense, science and technology advances.
Convert education development from quantity-focused into quality-focused but
still meet quantitative demand.

5 – Change the education system towards
openness, flexibility, and connection between levels and methods. Standardize
and modernize education.

6 – Utilize the advantages, overcome the
disadvantages of market mechanism; ensure the orientation towards socialism in
education development. Harmonize the development of public and non-public
education, the education in various regions. Focus on investment in education
development in impoverished areas, bordering areas, islands, remote areas, for
ethnic minorities and beneficiaries of incentive policies. Encourage democracy
and private sector involvement in education.

7 – Seek international cooperation in education
development to meet the requirements for international integration.

II – Targets

1 – Overall targets

Make a fundamental and dramatic transformation
in the quality and effective of education to serve the manufacture, protection
of the country and the demand for study of the people. Enable Vietnamese to
develop their potential and creativity, to love their families, their
countries, and people, to live and work effectively.

Develop an open education system that is
practical and effective in terms of teaching, learning, and administration, and
associated with developing an educational society; satisfy the conditions for
quality improvement; make the education system standardized, modern, and
democratic; maintain the orientation of socialism and national characteristics.
Vietnam’s education must reach an advanced level in the region by 2030.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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– Preschool
education: help children develop their physical health, mental health, knowledge,
and perception, go through the first stages of personality development; prepare
children for primary education; ensure the primary completion at the age of 5
by 2015, improve the quality of primary completion in the next years and exempt
tuition fees by 2020; step by step standardize the system of preschools. Ensure
the quality of preschool education for children under the age of 5 is suitable
for the conditions of each locality and educational institution.

– Secondary
education: focus of the development of intelligence, physical health, the
formation of personality and civil capability; find and cultivate the gifted;
help students determine their careers. Improve the education quality
comprehensively, focus on education about ideals, traditions, ethics,
lifestyles, foreign languages, information technology, practical skills and
ability to apply knowledge to life. Develop the creativity and ability of
self-learning; encourage lifelong learning. Complete the secondary education
program after 2015. Ensure that students graduated from junior high schools
(after 9th grade) have fundamental knowledge to meet the
requirements after junior high school; high school students must be provided
with vocational guidance and well prepared for post-high-school period. Raise
the quality of compulsory education; 9-year education is compulsory from after
2020.

80% youngsters over 18 years of age must
complete secondary education or equivalent by 2020.

– Vocational
education: focus on training people that have knowledge, skills, and
professional responsibility. Establish a system of vocational education with a
wide variety of methods and levels towards practice and application, serving
the demand for technical manpower of Vietnam’s and international labor markets.

– Higher
education: focus on training skilled labour, cultivate the gifted, develop the
learners’ personal qualities, creativity, and ability of self-learning.
Complete the network of institutions of higher educations with occupational
structure and training levels to suit the national manpower development plan,
some of which reach the regional or international level. Diversify the training
institutions to serve the requirements for development of technology and
professions, requirements for national development and international
integration.

– Continuing
education: provide opportunities for everyone, especially those in rural areas,
disadvantaged areas, and beneficiaries of incentive policies, to obtain
knowledge, receive education, improve professional skills and life quality;
enable workers to change their jobs; sustain the non-existence of illiteracy.
Complete the network of continuing education institutions with a great
diversity of learning activities, where flexibility, self-learning, and
distance-learning are valued.

– Formulate
a program to teach Vietnamese and Vietnamese culture to Vietnamese overseas to
stimulate the love for their motherland, promote solidarity and amity with
people in other countries

III – Tasks and solutions

1 – Enhance the leadership of the Communist
Party and the State over innovation in education.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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Innovate the communication and propagation to
create unanimity, encourage the participation of the whole society in
assessing, supervising, and criticizing the innovation in education.

Value political education at school, first of
all for the teachers. Internal communist organizations must be established in
schools and universities. The communists in educational institutions must be
role models and are responsible before the Communist Party and the people for
the accomplishments of educational targets. School officers must support
democracy, emphasize the role of associations and local people in building the
school.

Ministries, governing bodies and local
governments shall formulate long-term plans for manpower development, forecast
the demand for manpower in terms of quantity, quality, and
occupational structure; cooperate with educational institutions to implement
such plans accordingly.

Mobilize the entire political system to
eliminate the prolonged misconducts in education that trouble the society.

2 – Keep making dramatic and comprehensive
changes in fundamental elements of education towards valuing learners’ capacity
and personal qualities.

The targets, standards of every level, subject,
program, and discipline must be determined based on the targets of innovation
in education. They are the guarantee of quality of the whole system and every
educational institution, the basis for supervising and assessing education quality.

Innovation in education programs is to raise the
capacity and personal qualities of learner in every aspect. Change the
education contents towards simplification and modernism which suit the
learners’ ages, education, and occupations; increase practice and application
of knowledge to real life. Focus on education about personality, ethics,
lifestyle, law, and citizen’s awareness. Focus on fundamental values of
culture, traditional customs and morality, human culture, core values and
humanity in Marxism and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology. Enhance physical education,
provision of knowledge about national defense and security, and career
guidance. Teach foreign languages and information technology practically to
improve the ability of learners. Pay attention to teaching languages of ethnic
minorities; teach Vietnamese language and Vietnamese culture to Vietnamese
overseas.

Diversify the contents of learning materials to
meet requirements of all levels, educational programs, and the need for
lifelong learning of everyone.

Keep radically changing the teaching and
learning methods towards modernism; encourage the learners’ independence,
creativity, and application of knowledge; avoid imposition of knowledge,
passive learning, rigid memorization. Focus of teaching learning and thinking
methods, encourage and enable the learners to update knowledge themselves,
improve their intellect, skills, and capacity. Diversify the methods of
learning, focus of social activities, extra-curricular activities, and
scientific research. Intensify application of information technology and
telecommunication to teaching and learning.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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Formulate and standardize compulsory education
programs towards modernism and simplification; knowledge is more general in
lower grades and more specialized in upper grades; reduce the number of
compulsory subject; increase the number of subjects, topics, and educational
activities. Compile textbooks, teaching and learning materials that suit
corresponding learners; pay attention to students that belong to ethnic
minorities and handicapped students.

Develop vocational education programs towards
accumulation of knowledge, skills, and professional manner of learners.

Radically change higher education and
postgraduate education programs towards modernism to suit every discipline and
facilitate the stratification of the higher education system. Focus on development
of creativity, practical skills, professional ethics, and understanding of the
society; step by step approach the advanced science and technology of the
world.

3 – Fundamentally change the method of
examination and assessment of education results to ensure truthfulness and
objectivity.

Examination and assessment of education
results must adhere to the criteria recognized
by the society and education community in the world. Combine evaluation during
the learning process with final examinations; combine teachers’ assessment with
learner’s assessment; combine assessment by the school with assessment by
families and society.

Innovate the method of examination and
certification of secondary completion towards reduction of pressure and
expenses while ensuring reliability and truthful evaluation of students, as a
basis for admission to vocational schools, colleges and universities.

Change the method of assessing and recognizing
vocational education completion based on knowledge, practical skills, discipline,
and professional ethics. Enable employers to participate in evaluation of
training institution quality.

Change the method of college and university
admission towards combination of entrance exams and school records, and
satisfying requirements of the disciplines. Assess higher education results by
focusing on analytical ability, creativity, self-learning ability, professional
ethics, research and application of science and technology, technical skills,
organization ability and adaptability with working environments. Allow
institutions of higher education to organize admission independently.

Assess education quality of the whole country,
each locality, and educational institutions based on international programs as
a basis for proposal of solutions for improving education quality.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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Change the method of employing changed workers;
focus on their capacity, quality, and productivity without excess importance
attached to their qualifications, especially in the agencies of the political
systems. Consider employers’ acknowledgement of learners’ ability an important
criterion for assessing the quality of a vocational school or an institution of
higher education, and is a basis for planning the development of educational
institutions and their disciplines.

4 – Complete the national education system
towards openness, lifelong learning, and building a learning society.

Sustain the stability of the compulsory
education system in the short-term. Intensify differentiation after junior high
school and career guidance in high school. Keep changing the compulsory
education system to suit Vietnam’s conditions and development tendency of the
world’s education.

Rearrange the network of institutions of
vocational education and institutions of higher education associated with
socio-economic development and manpower development. Choose uniform names of
training levels and qualifications. Intensify post-secondary vocational
education and connection between vocational education and higher education.
Keep arranging and adjusting the network of universities, colleges, and
research institutes towards associating training with scientific research. Keep
differentiating institutions of higher education towards research, application
and practice. Complete the model of national universities and local
universities; fortify and develop some institutions of higher education and
institutions of vocational education to reach regional and international
levels.

Encourage private sector involvement in building
and developing high-quality at all levels. Increase the rate of non-public
vocational education and higher education institutions, especially educational
institutions invested by the community.

Diversify training methods. Provide credit-based
tanning. Enhance training in practical skills at business establishments.
Enable employers to participate in the developing, adjusting, running training
programs, and assessing learners’ ability.

5 – Fundamentally change education
administration; ensure democracy and uniformity; enhance autonomy and
responsibility of educational institutions; value quality management.

Identify the responsibility of state management
authorities in charge of education. Separate state management from
administration of educational institutions. Enhance decentralization, raise the
sense of responsibility; encourage the independence and creativity of
educational institutions.

Improve the effectiveness of state management of
education programs and quality of foreign educational institutions in Vietnam.
Promote the role of information technology and science and technology advances
in state management of education.

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Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ: ĐT:

(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

Bạn phải đăng nhập hoặc đăng ký Thành Viênđể sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:

Standardize the quality assurance conditions and
education administration; focus on graduation quality. Develop an independent
system for assessing education quality.

Change the mechanism for receiving and
processing information about education. Enable learners to participate in
assessing education activities; enable educators to participate in assessing
administrative officers; enable educational institutions to participate in
assessing state management authorities.

Complete the policies on administration of
foreign educational institutions in Vietnam, administration of overseas
Vietnamese students funded by government budget.

Grant autonomy to educational institutions;
emphasize the role of school councils. Supervise entities in school and in the
society; enhance inspection; ensure democracy and openness.

6 – Improve the quality of educators and
administrative officers to meet the requirements for innovation in education.

Formulate plans for training educators and
administrative officers in association with socio-economic development and
international integration. Standardize educators by level. Every teacher in
primary schools, junior high schools, every teacher and lecturer in
institutions of vocational education must hold at least a bachelor’s degree and
has pedagogical skills. Every lecturer in colleges and universities must hold
at least a master’s degree and is trained in pedagogical skills. Administrative
officers must be trained in administrative skills.

Develop a system of pedagogy schools to provide
training for educators and administrative officers; focus on the key pedagogy
schools and technical education institutions; eliminate the dispersal of
pedagogy schools Pedagogy schools must have separate policies on admission to
recruit qualified educators.

Dramatically change the contents and methods of
training and assessing educators to raise their quality, sense of
responsibility, ethics and professional skills.

Provide incentives for educators and
administrative officers. Educators and administrative officers must be
employed, treated, and celebrated based on their capacity, professional ethics,
and effectiveness. Provide incentives and retirement benefits of accomplished
educators; discharge or reassign unqualified people that failed to fulfill
their duties. Wages of educators must be at the top among officials; allowances
shall be given depending on the works and location.

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(028) 3930 3279

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0906 22 99 66

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Implement solutions for connection between
training institutions, especially between universities and research institutes.

7 – Change financial policies, encourage the
contribution of the whole society; raise investment effectiveness to develop
education.

The State plays a pivotal role in investment in
education development; government expenditure on education must reach at least
20% of the total budget; focus on improving the effectiveness of state capital.
Gradually provide sufficient budget for professional activities of public
educational institutions. Complete the policies on tuition fees.

Preschool education and compulsory education:
the State shall focus on investing in the development of public educational
institutions and provide support to achieve the targets. Encourage the
development of non-public schools to satisfy demands for high-quality education
in urban areas.

Higher education and vocational training: the
State shall focus on investment in building some universities that provide
training in key disciplines, and technical education universities. Set targets
based on economic-technical norms and quality standards of education services
(regardless of types of training institutions); ensure proportional payment for
the quality. Disclose information about educational association and use of
public resources; ensure harmony between the benefits and reinvestment.

Intensify private sector involvement, especially
in vocational education and higher education; encourage cooperation with
reputable foreign training institutions. Encourage healthy competition in
education on be basis of preserving the benefits of learners, employers and
educational institutions. If the discipline is likely to be invested by private
sector, the government support shall only be provided for beneficiaries of
incentive policies, ethnic minorities, and the gifted. Ensure the equality of
opportunity to be supported by the State of learners in public schools and
non-public schools. Keep completing the policies on supporting beneficiaries of
incentive policies, ethnic minorities, and the policies on granting credit to
students that suffer financial hardship. Encourage the establishment of
scholarship funds to support brilliant but poor students. Celebrate and commend
the individuals or groups that have outstanding achievements and remarkable
contribution to education.

Encourage employers to support training
activities. Introduce financial polices that are suitable for various types of
schools. Provide preferential credit policies for educational institutions.
Carry out periodic audit at educational institutions.

Keep reinforcing schools and classrooms;
introduce supportive policies to make more space for schools. Keep modernizing
the facilities, especially ones for information technology. Ensure that the quantity
of students per class do not exceed permissible limits by 2020.

Separate government budget for preschool
education, compulsory education, vocational education, and higher education
from budget for training institutions that belong to the political system and
the armed forces. Openly and strictly supervise the use of budget.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

Bạn phải đăng nhập hoặc đăng ký Thành Viênđể sử dụng được đầy đủ các tiện ích gia tăng liên quan đến nội dung TCVN.Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ:

Pay attention to research into education and
administration; focus on investment in raising the capacity, quality, and
effectiveness of national research institutes. Raise the quality of researchers
and experts in education. Run national programs for education research.

Improve the capacity, raise the quality and
effectiveness of scientific research and technology transfers in institutions
of higher education. Combine training and research, connect training
institutions and business establishments. Prioritize the development of
fundamental science, crucial science, key laboratories, specialized
laboratories, high technology centers, and modern experimental facilities in
some institutions of higher education. Introduce
policies on encouraging students to do
scientific research.

Encourage the establishment of research
institutes, technology transfer centers, and science and technology companies;
support the registration and application of inventions in training
institutions. Complete the policies on setting targets and allocating budget
for science and technology research to institutions of higher education.
Consider merging some scientific research and technology application institutes
with public universities.

Focus on investment and introduce special
policies to raise some universities that engage in multiple disciplines to
regional and international levels in order to cooperate and compete with
world’s top training institutions and research institutions.

9 – Seek international cooperation in education
and raise its effectiveness

Seek international cooperation in education,
conserve the independence and sovereignty, the orientation of socialism, fine
cultural traditions; selectively adopt science and technology advances of
mankind. Complete the policies on bilateral and multilateral cooperation;
adhere to international agreements on education.

Provide more overseas training funded by
government budget for lecturers of fundamental science and important
disciplines. Encourage overseas study and research from other sources than
government budget. Expand educational association with reputable foreign
training institutions, primarily in higher education and vocational education;
strictly supervise training quality.

Introduce policies on encouraging international
organizations, foreigners, and Vietnamese overseas to participate in training,
research, application, and transfer of science and technology in Vietnam.
Intensify cultural and academic exchange.

Introduce policies on supporting, monitoring the
study of Vietnamese students overseas and in foreign educational institutions
in Vietnam.

…

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Mọi chi tiết xin liên hệ: ĐT:

(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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1 – Communist agencies, Vietnamese Fatherland
Front, and the whole society are responsible for the implementation of this
Resolution. The authorities must strengthen the education administration
apparatus; regularly inspect political works and discipline in school;
eliminate misconducts in education.

The National Assembly shall direct the revision and
new promulgation of laws on education to create a legal environment for
implementation.

3 – The Government shall direct the revision and
new promulgation of lower legislative documents. Regularly supervise and assess
the implementation to adjust the plans and solutions to real conditions, ensure
effective implementation of this Resolution.

A National Education Innovation Council shall be
established, the president of which is the Prime Minister.

4 – The Central Propagation Agency shall
cooperate with communist agencies to monitor and assess the implementation of
this Resolution, send periodic reports on the implementation of this Resolution
to Poliburo and Secretariat./.

SECRETARY
GENERAL

Nguyen Phu Trong