Luật giáo dục 2019 số 43/2019/QH14

THE NATIONAL
ASSEMBLY
——–

SOCIALIST
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

Independence – Freedom – Happiness
—————

Law No.
43/2019/QH14

Hanoi, June 14,
2019

 

EDUCATION LAW

Pursuant to the Constitution of the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam;

The National Assembly promulgates the Education
Law.

Chapter I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope

This Law regulates the national educational system;
educational institutions, teachers, learners; state management of education;
rights and responsibilities of agencies, organisations, individuals taking
parts in educational activities.

Article 2. Goals of education

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Article 3. Characteristics,
principles of education

1. The Vietnamese education is a socialism-based
education with popular, national, scientific and modern characteristics, based
on Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh’s Thoughts.

2. Educational activities must be conducted on the
principles of learning coupled with practice, theories connected to
practicability, education at school combined with education in the family and
in the society.

Article 4. Educational
development

1. Educational development is the first national
priority.

2. Educational development must be linked with the
requirements of socio-economic development, to the scientific-technological
advances, to the consolidation of national defense and security; must implement
standardisation, modernisation and private sector involvement; must ensure the
balance in terms of professional, qualifications, manpower and regional
structure; must expand scale on the basis of quality and efficiency assurance;
and must link education with employment.

3. Develop an open educational system, build a
learning society to provide life-long educational access of every level and
every form to all the people.

Article 5. Definitions

In this Law, the undermentioned terms shall be
defined as follows:

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2. “Continuing education” means education
that follows a certain educational programme and has flexible organisation
regarding programme implementation formats, time, methods, locations,
satisfying the learners’ need for lifelong learning.

3. “Education quality accreditation means
assessing and recognizing educational institutions or educational programmes
that meet the education quality standards promulgated by competent authorities
and organisations.

4. “Year-based” means the mode of
educational and training organisation based on school years.

5. “Credit” means a unit used to measure the
amount of knowledge, skills and study results accumulated after a certain
period of time.

6. “Module” means a learning unit that fully
integrates knowledge, skills and attitude with an aim to equipping learners
with the capacity to fully or partially perform the tasks of a profession.

7. “Graduation standards” means the target
requirements regarding learners’ quality and capacity after completing an
educational programme.

8. “Universalization of education” means
organizing educational activities in the way that ensures all citizens of
suitable age have access to education and acquire certain qualifications as
prescribed by law.

9. “Compulsory education” means the type of
education that has to be provided to all citizens of suitable age in order for
them to acquire the minimal educational qualification as prescribed by law and
facilitated by the State.

10. “Upper secondary education knowledge
means the basic and core knowledge and skills in the upper secondary
educational programme that learners must accumulate in order to continue
learning a higher qualification of vocational education.

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12. “Educational institution” means an
institution providing education in the national educational system and consists
of schools and other educational institutions.

Article 6. The national
educational system

1. The national educational system is an open,
transferrable educational system consisting of formal education and continuing
education.

2. Educational levels and training qualifications
of the national educational system include:

a) Preschool education including junior
kindergartens (for children aged 03 – 36 months) and senior kindergartens (for
children aged 3 – 5 years);

b) General education with primary education, lower
secondary education, and upper secondary education;

c) Vocational education and training at
elementary-level, intermediate-level, or college-level and other vocational
training programmes;

d) Higher education with university education,
master education and doctoral education.

3. The Prime Minister shall make decisions on the
approval of the structural framework of the national educational system and the
Vietnamese Qualifications Framework; stipulate the training duration, standards
of each training level, the minimal learning quantity for qualifications of
vocational education and higher education.

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Article 7. Requirements on
contents, methods of education

1. Contents of education must ensure the basic,
comprehensive, practical, modern, systematic and up-to-date characteristics;
with importance attached to ideological, ethical and civic consciousness
education; preserving and developing the good traditions and the national
cultural identity, absorbing the essence of the mankind culture; and suitable
with the physical, intellectual and psycho-physiology development of various
age groups and abilities of learners.

2. Methods of education must be scientific and
bring into full play the activeness, consciousness, self-motivation and
creative thinking of learners; foster self-study and cooperative abilities,
practical ability, learning eagerness and the will to advance forward.

Article 8. Educational
programmes

1. Educational programmes shall reflect the goals
of education; set the standards for knowledge, skills, requirements on quality
and capacity of learners; scope and structure of educational contents; methods
and forms of organizing educational activities; evaluation methods of
educational outcomes for each subject of every grade and level or for each
subject, module, specialization of every training qualification.

2. Educational programmes must ensure the
scientific and practical characteristics; inheritability and transferability
among different levels and different training qualifications; facilitate the
classification of students and exchange between training qualifications,
specializations and educational forms in the national educational system in
order for localities and educational institutions to proactively implement
suitable educational plans; satisfying the goal of gender equality and demands
of international integration. Educational programmes are the basis of
comprehensive education quality assurance.

3. Requirements on knowledge, skills and on dignity
and capacity of learners defined in educational programmes must be concretized
in textbooks used for general education, in syllabi and teaching materials used
for vocational education and higher education. Textbooks, syllabi and teaching
materials must meet the requirements on educational methods.

4. Preschool education and general education shall
run year-based programmes; vocational education and higher education may run
year-based, module-based, credit-based programmes or combined programmes.

Study results of subjects or credits/modules
accumulated by learners after pursuing an educational programme are considered
for transferable values for respective subjects or credits/modules of other
educational programmes when learners change their educational
specializations/professions, forms of studies, or follow higher educational levels
or qualifications.

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Article 9. Career orientation
and student classification

1. Career orientation in education is a system of
measures implemented inside and outside educational institutions to provide
students with knowledge about professions and the ability to choose a
profession based on a combination of personal desires, fortes and social labour
demands.

2. Student classification is a measure of organizing
educational activities on the basis of career orientation in education,
enabling lower secondary and upper secondary graduates to continue with their
studies in higher educational levels/qualifications or vocational education or
to join the labour force with regard to personal capacity, circumstances and
social demands, contributing to the regulation of the professional structure
following the developing requirements of the country.  

3. The Government shall provide for career
orientation and student classification in each period of time, meeting the
requirements of socio-economic development.

Article 10. Transferability in
education

1. Transferability in education is the act of using
available study results to continue studying in other educational levels and
qualifications within the same specialization or switch to another
specialization, mode of education and training qualification with corresponding
content requirements, ensuring transferability between educational levels and
training qualifications of general education, vocational education and higher
education.

2. Transferability in education must satisfy
conditions of quality assurance. Educational programmes shall be designed with
inheritability, integrating knowledge and skills based on the graduation
standards of each educational level in the Vietnamese Qualifications Framework.
Learners shall not have to relearn knowledge and skills accumulated in previous
educational programmes.

3. The Government shall provide for the
transferability between educational levels/training qualifications in the
national educational system.

Article 11. Languages, written
languages used in educational institutions

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2. The State shall encourage and enable ethnic minority
people to learn their spoken and written languages as prescribed in
Governmental regulations; hearing-impaired and speaking-impaired persons to
learn via sign language, vision-impaired persons to learn via the Braille
alphabet as prescribed in the Law on Persons with Disabilities.

3. Foreign languages defined in educational
programmes are the languages used commonly in international communication. The
teaching of foreign languages in educational institutions should guarantee that
learners have continuing and effective learning process.

Article 12. Degrees/diplomas
and certificates

1. Degrees/diplomas of the national educational
system are conferred to learners upon successful completion of an educational
level or educational programme and meeting the graduation standards of the
corresponding qualification as prescribed in this Law.

2. Degrees/diplomas of the national educational
system consist of the following: lower secondary diploma, upper secondary
diploma, diploma of vocational secondary schools, college degree, bachelor
degree, master degree, doctoral degree and degrees/diplomas of equivalent
qualifications.

3. Certificates of the national educational system
are granted to learners to acknowledge their learning results upon successful
completion of courses for knowledge or professional upgrading or conferred to
candidates of certification examinations as prescribed by law.

4. Degrees/diplomas and certificates granted by
educational institutions of educational types and modes in the national educational
system shall have equal legal values.

5. The Government shall promulgate a system of
higher educational degrees/diplomas and stipulate the equivalent
degrees/diplomas of some specific in-depth specializations.

Article 13. Learning rights
and obligations of citizens

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2. The State shall ensure social equality in
education, create a safe educational environment, ensure inclusive education
and enable learners to develop their potentials and talents.

3. The State shall give priority in enabling children
with special backgrounds as prescribed in the Children Law, disabled and
handicapped persons as prescribed in the Law on Persons with Disabilities and
learners from poor and near-poor households to exercise their learning rights
and obligations.

Article 14. Universalization
of education and compulsory education

1. Primary education is compulsory.

The State shall provide the universalization of
preschool education to 05-year-old children and provide the universalization of
lower secondary education.

2. The State shall be responsible for implementing
compulsory education throughout the country; planning and facilitating the
universalization of education.

3. All citizens within defined age groups shall
have the obligation to learn in order to contribute to the universalization of
education and complete the compulsory education programme.

4. Families and guardians shall enable their
members in defined age groups to receive education in order to contribute to
the universalization of education and complete the compulsory education
programme.

Article 15. Inclusive
education

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2. The State shall issue assistance policies to
implement inclusive education for learners who are children with special
backgrounds as prescribed in the Children Law, learners who are disabled and
handicapped persons as prescribed in the Law on Persons with Disabilities and
other relevant regulations.

Article 16. Private sector
involvement in education

1. To develop education and to build a learning society
are the responsibilities of the State and of the whole population.

2. The State shall play the dominant role in
developing the cause of education; carry out the diversification of types of
educational institutions and modes of education; encourage, promote and enable
organisations and individuals to take part in the development of the cause of
education; encourage the development of people-founded and private educational
institutions, satisfying the social demands on high quality education.

3. All organisations, families and citizens shall
be responsible for taking care of education, cooperating with educational
institutions in realizing the goals of education and building a safe and
healthy educational environment.

4. Organisations and individuals with contributions
to the cause of education shall be rewarded in compliance with the law.

Article 17. Investment in
education

1. Investment in education is an investment in
development. Investment in the field of education is a conditional business
investment with preferential treatment and assistance as prescribed by law.

2. The State shall give priority to investment and
to the attraction of other investment sources for education; priorities
investment in the universalization of education, educational development in
mountainous areas, islands, ethnic minority areas, areas with exceptional
socio-economic difficulties, areas with industrial zones. 

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3. The State budget shall hold the key role in the
total resources invested in education.

Article 18. Roles and
responsibilities of education managers

1. Education managers play an important role in
organizing, managing and directing educational activities.

2. Education managers shall have the responsibilities
for studying, training, improving their moral standards, qualifications,
management competence and for complying with the standards and regulations
prescribed by law.

3. The State shall have plans to build and improve
the quality of education managers.

Article 19. Scientific and
technological activities

1. Scientific and technological activities are one
duty of educational institutions.

2. Educational institutions shall implement or
cooperate with scientific and technological organisations and production, trade
and service units to carry out education, scientific research and technology
transfer for socio-economic development.

3. The State shall enable educational institutions
to organize scientific and technological activities, combining training with
scientific research and production so as to improve education quality; to
gradually implement the role of a cultural, scientific and technological centre
for the locality or the whole country.

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Article 20. Prohibition of
promotion of religions in educational institutions

Neither religion promotion nor religious rituals
are to be conducted in educational institutions of the national educational
system, of the State agencies, of political organisations, of socio-political
organisations and of the people’s armed forces.

Article 21. Prohibition of
abuse of educational activities

1. It is prohibited to abuse educational activities
to distort State guidelines, policies, legislation; to oppose the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam, to separate the block of great national solidarity, to
incite violence, to propagate war of aggression, to erode the good traditions
and customs, to publicize superstitious beliefs and bad customs, or to attract
learners into social evils.

2. It is prohibited to make corrupt use of
educational activities for self-interest purposes.

Article 22. Prohibited
activities in educational institutions

1. Disrespect of dignity and honor, committing
physical assault towards teachers, staff, labour workers of educational
institutions and towards learners.

2. Distortion of educational contents.

3. Cheating in learning, testing, examination,
admission.

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5. Forcing students to take extra classes for
money.

6. Forcing contributions in cash or in kind in the
name of educational sponsorship or support.

Chapter II

THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM

Section 1. EDUCATIONAL LEVELS
AND TRAINING QUALIFICATIONS

Subsection 1. PRESCHOOL
EDUCATION

Article 23. Position, roles
and objectives of preschool education

1. Preschool education is the first educational
level in the national educational system that sets the foundation for the comprehensive
development of the Vietnamese and carries out the nurturing, caring and
educating of children from 03 months to 06 years of age.

2. The objectives of preschool education are to
help children develop physically, emotionally, intellectually and
aesthetically, in order to shape the initial elements of personality as well as
to prepare children for the first grade.

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1. The contents of preschool education must be
suited to the psycho-physiological development of children; balanced between
nurturing, caring and educating, with a view to helping children to develop
physically, emotionally, intellectually and aesthetically and to know how to
respect differences; suitable with different age groups and transferable to
primary education.

2. The methods of preschool education are
prescribed as follows:

a) Junior kindergartens must enable children to
proactively participate in activities and play, creating a bond between adults
and children; stimulate the development of the senses, emotions and
psycho-physiological functions;

b) Senior kindergartens must enable children to
play, experience, explore and discover the surrounding environment in different
ways, satisfying the needs and interests of children.

Article 25. Programmes of
preschool education

1. Programmes of preschool education shall satisfy
the following requirements:

a) Reflect the objectives of preschool education;

b) Concretize the outcome requirements of different
age groups, educational activities, methods and modes of organizing educational
activities, educational environment and evaluation of the development of
children;

c) Be consistent throughout the country and
implemented flexibly, suitable with specific conditions of localities and
institutions of preschool education.

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3. The Minister of Education and Training shall
promulgate programmes of preschool education after receiving the appraisals of
the National review council for appraising curricula for preschool education;
stipulate standards, compiling and editing processes of programmes of preschool
education; stipulate standards and selection of toys and learning materials
used in institutions of preschool education; stipulate the duties, powers,
operating methods, standards, number and structure of members of the National
review council for appraising curricula for preschool education.

Article 26. Institutions of
preschool education

Institutions of preschool education include:

1. Junior kindergarten centers and classes for
children aged 03 – 36 months;

2. Senior kindergartens and independent senior
kindergarten classes for children aged 03 – 06 years;

3. Combined kindergartens and independent preschool
classes for children aged 03 months – 06 years.

Article 27. Development
policies of preschool education

1. The State shall elaborate policies for
investment in the development of preschool education; give priority to the
development of preschool education in mountainous areas, islands, ethnic
minority areas, areas with exceptional socio-economic difficulties, areas with
industrial zones. 

2. The State shall issue incentive policies for
organisations and individuals to invest in the development of preschool
education in order to meet social demands.

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Subsection 2. GENERAL
EDUCATION

Article 28. Educational levels
and entry ages

1. Educational levels and age groups of general
education are regulated as follows:

a) Primary education lasts for 05 school years,
from the first to the fifth grade. The entry age for the first grade is 06;

b) Lower secondary education lasts for 04 school
years, from the sixth to the ninth grade. Students must complete the primary educational
programme before entering the sixth grade. The entry age for the sixth grade is
11;

c) Upper secondary education lasts for 03 school
years, from the tenth to the twelfth grade. Students must complete the lower
secondary educational programme before entering the tenth grade. The entry age
for the tenth grade is 15;

2. Cases where schooling could be commenced at
younger ages or at higher ages prescribed in clause 1 of this Article are as
follows:

a) Commencing schooling at younger ages for students
with early intellectual development;

b) Commencing schooling at older ages for students
repeating classes, students living in areas with exceptional socio-economic
difficulties, students belonging to ethnic minorities, disabled and handicapped
students, students with physical or intellectual disadvantages, orphan
students, students of poor households, students returning from overseas and
other cases as prescribed by law.

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4. The Minister of Education and Training shall
stipulate the teaching and learning of the Vietnamese language to children of
ethnic minorities prior to the commencement of the first grade; the teaching of
the upper secondary education knowledge in institutions of vocational
education; and the cases as prescribed in clause 2 of this Article.

Article 29. Objectives of
general education

1. The objectives of general education are to help
learners develop comprehensively by acquiring morals, knowledge, physical
health, aesthetic values and other basic skills, develop personal abilities,
flexibility and creativeness, with a view to forming the socialist Vietnamese
personality and the civic duty, to preparing them for further studies of higher
education, vocational education or entering the workforce, participating in the
building and defending of the Fatherland.

2. Primary education aims to help students form
initial foundations for moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic development
and capacity, preparing them for entering lower secondary education.

3. Lower secondary education is directed towards
students’ consolidation and development of the outcomes of primary education,
provision of general and basic knowledge along with introductory understanding
on techniques and career orientation to enter upper secondary education or
vocational education.

4. Upper secondary education is directed towards
the provision of civic knowledge; students’ consolidation and development of
the outcomes of lower secondary education; completion of general education and
acquisition of common understanding on techniques and career orientation;
provision of opportunities for students to develop their personal abilities in
order to choose their development direction, to enter higher education,
vocational education or the workforce, contributing to the building and
defending of the Fatherland.

Article 30. Requirements on
contents and methods of general education

1. The contents of general education must ensure
the popular, basic, comprehensive, career-orienting, and systematic
characteristics; linking with the realities of life, appropriate to the
psycho-physiological characteristics of students, meeting the objectives of
education at each level.

2. Requirements on the contents of general education
at each level are regulated as follows:

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b) Lower secondary education shall consolidate and
develop the contents learned in primary education, guarantee students the basic
general knowledge in Vietnamese, mathematics, national history, other knowledge
in social sciences, natural sciences, law, informatics, foreign languages; with
introductory understanding on techniques and career-orientation.

c) Upper secondary education shall consolidate and
develop the contents learned in lower secondary education, complete the
contents of general education. Besides guaranteeing the general, basic,
comprehensive and career-orienting knowledge for all students, there shall be
advanced teaching in some subjects to develop the students’ abilities and
satisfy their needs.

3. The methods of general education are to promote
the activeness, consciousness, initiatives and creativeness of students; to be
appropriate to the characteristics of each subject, class and student; to
nurture the methods of self-study, the joy of learning, the ability to work in
team, the ability of independent thinking; to develop comprehensively in
dignity and ability; to enhance the application of information technology and
communications to education.

Article 31. Programmes of
general education

1. Programmes of general education shall:

a) Reflect the objectives of general education;

b) Concretize the requirements on the outcomes of
students’ quality and capacity after each educational level and on the
educational contents compulsory to all students throughout the country;

c) Concretize the requirements on the methods and
forms of organizing educational activities and on the evaluation of educational
outcomes for subjects of each class and educational level of general education.

d) Be consistent throughout the country and
implemented flexibly, suitable with specific conditions of localities and
institutions of general education;

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2. The Minister of Education and Training shall
establish the National review council for appraising curricula for general
education to appraise curricula of general education. The council shall be
composed of teachers, education managers, experienced and prestigious
scientists in the field of education and representatives of relevant agencies,
organisations. At least one-third of the council members must be teachers who
are working in corresponding educational levels. The council and the council
members shall be responsible for the appraisal contents and
quality.  

3. The Minister of Education and Training shall be
responsible for the quality of general education programmes; promulgate
programmes of general education after receiving the appraisals of the National
review council for appraising curricula for general education; stipulate
standards, compiling and editing processes of programme of general education;
regulate objectives, subjects, scale, pilot duration of some new educational
contents and methods in institutions of general education; stipulate the
duties, powers, operating methods, standards, number and structure of members
of the National review council for appraising curricula for general education.

Article 32. Textbooks of
general education

1. Textbooks of general education are regulated as
follows:

a) Textbooks must implement programmes of general
education, concretizing the requirements on educational objectives and
contents, on students’ quality and capacity as defined in programmes of general
education; direct teaching methods and methods of assessing and evaluating
education quality; contents and formats of textbooks shall not carry prejudices
based on ethnicity, religion, profession, gender, age and social status;
textbooks may be in the printed, Braille or electronic forms.

b) Each subject shall have one or several
textbooks; implement private sector involvement in textbook compilation;
textbook publication shall be in compliance with the law;

c) Provincial People’s Committees shall decide
selection of textbooks for consistent use in institutions of general education
in their localities as regulated by the Minister of Education and Training.

d) Local educational materials shall be designed by
provincial People’s Committees to meet the needs and characteristics of their
localities, be appraised by provincial review councils for appraising and
approved by the Minister of Education and Training.

2. The Minister of Education and Training shall
establish the National review council of each subject and each educational
activity for appraising textbooks. The council shall be composed of teachers,
education managers, experienced and prestigious scientists in the field of
education and representatives of relevant agencies and organisations. At least
one-third of the council members must be teachers who are working in
corresponding educational levels. The council and the council members shall be
responsible for the appraisal contents and quality.  

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4. Chairwomen/chairmen of provincial People’s
Committees shall decide establishment of provincial review councils for
appraising local educational materials.

Article 33. Institutions of
general education

Institutions of general education include:

1. Primary schools;

2. Lower secondary schools;

3. Upper secondary schools;

4. Multi-level schools;

Article 34. Certification for
completion of primary education and issuance of lower secondary diploma and
upper secondary diploma

1. Students who complete the primary education
programme and meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and
Training will be certified in their official academic records by a primary
school principal that they have completed primary education.

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3. Students who complete the upper secondary
education programme and meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education
and Training will be eligible to take the examination. Those who pass the
examination are issued with diplomas of upper secondary education by the head
of an educational specialized agency under the management of a provincial
People’s Committee.

Students who complete upper secondary education and
meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and Training will be
eligible to take the examination. Those who do not take the examination or fail
the examination are issued with certificates by the school principal that they
have completed general education.

Certificate for completion of general education is
used to register for the examination for the upper secondary diploma per
learners’ wish or per the requirements to continue studying in vocational
education and is used in specific cases as prescribed by law.

4. Students with lower secondary diplomas and
studying a vocational secondary programme in institutions of vocational
education, after completing the programme, are eligible to take the examination
certifying the upper secondary education knowledge as prescribed by the
Minister of Education and Training. Those who pass the examination are issued
with certificates by the head of an educational institution teaching upper
secondary cultural knowledge that they have achieved sufficient upper secondary
education knowledge.

Certificate for achieving sufficient upper
secondary education knowledge is used to continue studying a higher
qualification of vocational education and is used in specific cases as
prescribed by law.

Subsection 3. VOCATIONAL
EDUCATION

Article 35. Training
qualifications of vocational education

Vocational education trains at elementary-level,
intermediate-level or college-level and provides other vocational training
programmes for learners; meeting the demands for workers directly participating
in production, trade and services.

Article 36. Objectives of vocational
education

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Article 37. Organisation and
 operation of vocational education

Organisation and operation of vocational education
are implemented as prescribed in this Law and the Law on Vocational education.

Subsection 4. HIGHER EDUCATION

Article 38. Training
qualifications of higher education

Higher education includes bachelor education,
master education, and doctoral education.

Article 39. Objectives of
higher education

1. Training a workforce of high qualifications,
improving the people’s knowledge, fostering talents; conducting scientific and
technological research to invent new knowledge and products, meeting the
requirements of socio-economic development, ensuring national defense and
security and international integration.

2. Educating learners towards comprehensive
development in terms of morals, intellectuality, physical health and aesthetic
sense; possessing professional knowledge, skills and responsibility; ability to
follow up on scientific and technological advances relevant to their training
qualifications, ability of self-study, creativity, adaptability to the
workplace; spirit of entrepreneurship, of service to the People. 
  

Article 40. Organisation and
operation of higher education

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Section 2. CONTINUING EDUCATION

Article 41. Objectives of
continuing education

Continuing education enables people to learn while
in-service, to learn continuously and for lifelong for development of their
capacity, refinement of their personality, broadening their understanding, and
for educational, professional and operational enhancement with a view to
improving their employability, self-employability, and adaptation to the social
life; contributing to the building of a learning society.

Article 42. Objectives of
continuing education

1. Illiteracy eradication for citizens of suitable
age as prescribed by law.

2. Training, upgrading and enhancing professional
capacity; updating and supplying knowledge and skills necessary to people’s
life; enabling those with the needs for education to improve their educational
qualifications.

Article 43. Programmes, forms,
contents and methods of continuing education

1. Programmes of continuing education include:

a) Illiteracy eradication;

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c) Programmes for training, upgrading and enhancing
professional qualifications;

d) Educational programmes leading to
degrees/diplomas of the national educational system.

2. Forms of conducting continuing educational
programmes are as follows:

a) In-service learning;

b) Distance learning;

c) Guided self-learning;

d) Other learning forms per learner’s needs.

3. Educational contents of the programmes defined
in point a, b, and c of clause 1 of this Article must guarantee the usefulness and
help learners improve their working productivity and quality of life.

Educational contents of the programmes defined in
point d clause 1 of this Article must lead to the completion of a qualification
in the structural framework of the national educational system or the
Vietnamese Qualifications Framework, must guarantee the requirements on
contents of the educational programme of the same educational level/training
qualification defined in Article 31 of this Law, the Law on Vocational
education and Law on Higher education.

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5. Within the scope of their duties and
authorities, the Minister of Education and Training and Minister of Labour –
War Invalids and Social Affairs shall provide for educational programmes,
textbooks, syllabi, materials of continuing education.

Article 44. Institutions of
continuing education

1. Programmes of continuing education are conducted
at institutions of continuing education, general education, vocational
education or higher education, cultural institutions, at the workplace,
residential communities, through mass media or other means.

2. Institutions of continuing education are as
follows:

a) Institutions of continuing education

b) Institutions of vocational education –
continuing education;

c) Community learning centers;

d) Other centers that conduct continuing education.

3. The implementation of continuing educational
programmes of continuing education institutions are prescribed as follows:

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b) Community learning centers shall implement educational
programmes defined in point a and point b of clause 1 of Article 43 of this
Law;

b) Other centers shall implement educational
programmes defined in point b and point c of clause 1 of Article 43 of this
Law.

4. General education institutions, vocational
education institutions, higher education institutions implementing continuing
educational programmes shall guarantee their educational and training duties,
only implement educational programmes defined in point d clause 1 of Article 43
of this Law when authorised by competent education authority.

5. Cooperation in offering in-service courses with
higher education institutions shall be implemented in accordance with the Law
on Higher education.

Article 45. Assessment and
recognition of students’ performance

1. Learners who complete the illiteracy eradication
programme and meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and
Training, will be certified to have completed the illiteracy eradication
programme.

2. Learners who complete lower secondary educational
programmes defined in point d clause 1 Article 43 of this Law and meet the
requirements set by the Minister of Education and Training, will be issued with
diplomas of lower secondary education by the head of an educational specialized
agency under the management of a provincial People’s Committee.

3. Learners who complete upper secondary
educational programmes defined in point d clause 1 Article 43 of this Law and
meet the requirements set by the Minister of Education and Training, will be
eligible to take the examination. Those who pass the examination are issued
with diplomas of upper secondary education by the head of an educational
specialized agency under the management of a provincial People’s Committee.
Those who do not take the examination or fail the examination are issued with
certificates by the head of an institution of continuing education that they
have completed general education.

4. Learners who complete training programmes and
meet the graduation standards of a training qualification as prescribed in the
Vietnamese Qualifications Framework, are issued with diplomas corresponding
with their training qualifications.

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Article 46. Policies on
development of continuing education

1. The State shall issue policies for investment in
the development of continuing education, providing education to all the people,
promoting the learning of adults, building a learning society; for encouraging
organisations and individuals to participate and/or provide continuing
educational services of quality, meeting learners’ need for lifelong
learning. 

2. Authorities and organisations shall facilitate
the frequent learning and lifelong learning of officials, public employees and
labour workers with a view to developing their abilities and improving quality
of life.

3. Institutions of vocational education and of
higher education shall be responsible for cooperating with continuing education
institutions in providing learning material sources to continuing education
institutions following learners’ learning need; teachers’ training institutions
shall be responsible for conducting research on educational science, training
and upgrading teachers of continuing education institutions.

Chapter III

SCHOOLS, SPECIAL SCHOOLS
AND OTHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Section 1. ORGANISATION,
OPERATION, TASKS AND POWERS OF SCHOOLS

Article 47. Types of schools
in the national educational system

1. Schools in the national educational system are
organized in the following types:

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b) People-founded schools whose infrastructure is
invested and operating conditions are guaranteed by local residential
communities such as organisations and individuals in hamlets, villages, wards,
districts, towns.

The people-founded type is only applicable to
institutions of preschool education;

c) Private schools whose investment is made and operating
conditions are guaranteed by domestic investors or foreign investors.

Not-for-profit private schools are schools whose
investors guarantee and uphold commitments to operate not for the sake of
profit, stated in the establishment decision or decision of converting school
types; with non-profit operation, no capital withdrawal, no income earning;
annual accumulated earnings belong to the undivided and joint possession so as
to continue developing the schools.

2. The conversion of school types in the national
educational system are conducted as follows:

a) Only convert from private school to
not-for-profit private school;

b) Implement provisions prescribed in charters and
in organisational and operational regulations of school type at each educational
level/training qualification;

c) Ensure rights of teachers, lecturers, education
managers, labour workers and learners;

d) Do not cause losses of land, fund or assets.

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Article 48. Schools of the
State agencies, of political organisations, of socio-political organisations
and of the people’s armed forces

1. Schools of the State agencies, of political
organisations and of socio-political organisations shall perform the duties of
educating and training officials and public employees. Schools of the people’s
armed forces shall perform the duties of educating and training officers,
non-commissioned officers, professional staff and defense workers; fostering
leaders and education managers on duties and knowledge of national defense and
security.

Schools of the State agencies, of political
organisations, of socio-political organisations and of the people’s armed
forces are educational institutions of the national educational system,
organized and operating following provisions of the Law on Vocational
education, Law on Higher education and school charters at each educational
level/training qualification. When meeting the requirements of socio-economic
development and authorised by a competent authority to operate in education and
to implement educational programmes, these schools are authorised to issue
degrees/diplomas and certificates of the national educational system.

2. The Government shall provide for this Article.

Article 49. Conditions for
school establishment and conditions for educational operation

1. A school is established when its establishment
scheme is suitable with the planning of socio-economic development and of the
educational institution network as prescribed in the Law on Planning.

The school establishment scheme shall specify the
objectives, duties, programmes and contents of education; the land,
infrastructure, equipment, provisional location for school construction,
organisational structure, resources and finance; the strategic direction for
building and developing the school. 

2. The school may operate in education when it:

a) Has land, infrastructure and equipment meeting
the requirements on educational operation; location for school construction
shall ensure a safe educational environment for learners, teachers and labour
workers;

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c) Is financially sufficient, as prescribed by law,
to ensure maintenance and development of educational operation; and

d) Has organisational and operational regulations
of the school.

3. Within a regulated period of time, if the school
guarantees all conditions prescribed in clause 2 of this Article, it shall be
granted permission to operate in education by a competent authority; when the
period is over, if the school fails to secure conditions prescribed in clause 2
of this Article, the establishment decision or establishment permission shall
be revoked.

Article 50. Suspension from educational
operation

1. A school shall be suspended from educational
operation:

a) Fraud in committed to obtain the permission for
educational operation;

b) One of the conditions prescribed in clause 2
Article 49 of this Law is not satisfied;

c) Permission for educational operation is not
granted by a competent person;

d) There is no educational operation within a
regulated period of time starting from the date the permission for educational
operation is granted;

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e) Other cases as prescribed by law.

2. Decision to suspend educational operation of a
school must specify the reasons for suspension, duration of suspension, measures
to ensure rights and benefits of teachers, education managers, learners and
labour workers in the school, and must be publicly announced via mass media.

3. Within the suspension period, if the reason for
suspension is amended, the person having the power to issue the suspension
decision may permit the school to resume its educational operation.

Article 51. Merger, division
and dissolution of schools

1. Merging, full division, partial division and
dissolution of schools shall satisfy the following requirements:

a) Suitable with the planning of socio-economic
development and of the educational institution network as prescribed in the Law
on Planning;

b) Meeting the requirements of socio-economic
development;

c) Ensuring rights and benefits of teachers and
learners;

d) Contributing to the improvement of quality and
efficiency of education.

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a) It seriously violates regulations regarding
management, organisation or operation of the school;

b) It fails to rectify the violation that leads to
its suspension by the deadline;

c) Its operating objectives and contents in the
establishment decision or establishment permission are no longer suitable with
the requirements of socio-economic development;

d) It fails to ensure quality of education;

dd) The dissolution is requested by the founding
organisations and/or individuals.

3. The decision on merger, division and dissolution
of schools must specify the reasons and measures to ensure rights and benefits
of teachers, education managers, learners and labour workers in the school, and
must be publicly announced via mass media.

Article 52. Authority and
procedure of establishment or establishment permission; permission of
educational operation, suspension of educational operation; merger, division
and dissolution of schools

1. The following persons have the power to
establish public schools or to grant permission to establish people-founded and
private schools:

a) Chairwomen/chairmen of district-level People’s
Committees have the power to decide establishment of junior kindergartens,
senior kindergartens, primary schools, lower secondary schools, multi-level
schools whose highest level is lower secondary, and day schools for ethnic
children, except for the cases prescribed in point d of this clause;

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c) Ministers, Heads of ministry-level agencies have
the power to decide establishment of vocational secondary schools under their
direct management;

d) The Minister of Education and Training has the
power to decide establishment of pre-university schools, pedagogical colleges
and schools under ministerial management; junior kindergartens, senior
kindergartens, primary schools, lower secondary schools, upper secondary
schools as proposed by foreign diplomatic representative agencies and/or
intergovernmental international organisations;

dd) The Minister of Labour – War Invalids and
Social Affairs has the power to decide establishment of colleges, except for
pedagogical colleges;

e) The Prime Minister has the power to decide
establishment of institutions of higher education.

2. The Minister of Education and Training has the
power to grant permission of educational operation to institutions of higher
education. Authority in granting permission of educational operation to schools
at other educational level/training qualification shall comply with the
Government’s regulations.

3. The persons having the power to establish school
or grant permission for school establishment also have the power to revoke
establishment decision or establishment permission, decide merger, division and
dissolution of schools. The persons having the power to grant permission of
educational operation also have the power to decide suspension of educational
operation

In case of merger of schools that are not
established by authorities of the same level, the superior authority shall make
decisions; in case the establishing authorities are of the same level, they
shall reach a consensus on decisions.

4. The Government shall provide for conditions and
procedure of establishment or establishment permission; permission of
educational operation, suspension of educational operation; merging, full
division, partial division and dissolution of schools as prescribed in article
49, 50, 51 and 52 of this Law.

Article 53. Charters and
regulations on establishment and operation of educational institutions

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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a) Duties and rights of the school;

b) Organisation of educational operation in the
school;

c) Duties and rights of teachers;

d) Duties and rights of learners;

dd) Organisation and management of the school;

e) Finance and assets of the school;

g) Relationship between the school, families and
society.

2. Organisational and operational regulations of
educational institutions shall concretize the contents of school charters for
application to each type of educational institutions.

3. Within the scope of their duties and
authorities, the Minister of Education and Training and Minister of Labour –
War Invalids and Social Affairs shall promulgate school charters,
organisational and operational regulations of educational institutions.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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1. Investors in the field of education consist of:

a) Domestic investors, including Vietnamese
citizens, organisations established in accordance with Vietnamese law;

b) Foreign investors, including citizens of foreign
countries, organisations established in accordance with foreign law.

2. Rights and responsibilities of investors are
prescribed as follows:

a) Approve development plans of the school as prescribed
by law and proposed by school council;

b) Decide total capital contributions of investors,
school investment projects, mobilization of capital (if any); plans on use of
annual discrepancies between incomes and expenditures or on handling losses of the
school; approve annual financial reports;

c) Vote or appoint, dismiss and remove members of
school council;

d) Organize the supervision and evaluation of
school council’s operation;

dd) Decide promulgation and amendment of financial
regulations; approve matters related to finance and assets in the
organisational and operational regulations of the school;

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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g) Consider, handle violations by school council
that result in losses as prescribed by law and by organisational and
operational regulations of the school;

h) Decide reorganization, dissolution of the school
as prescribed by law;

i) Publish a list of organisations and individuals
that make contributions of capital on the online website of the school;

k) Founding investors of not-for-profit private
schools are honoured for their capital contributions to the establishment,
construction and development of the school.

3. Founding investors of private educational
institutions may choose one of the following options:

a) Invest in the establishment of a financial
organisation in accordance with the Law on Investment and Law on Enterprises in
order for this financial organisation to establish a private educational
institution as prescribed in this Law;

b) Invest directly in the establishment of a
private educational institution as prescribed in this Law.

Article 55. School council

1. School council of public schools is a school management
organisation, exercising the right of ownership representation of the school
and of parties with relevant benefits, and is prescribed as follows:

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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School council of junior kindergartens, senior
kindergartens, institutions of general education shall be composed of the
committee-level secretary, school principal, chairwoman/chairman of the labour
union, secretary of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, representatives
of  specialized teams, representatives of the office team, representatives
of the local government, representative committee of students’ parents and
representatives of students for lower secondary schools and/or upper secondary
school;

b) School council of vocational education
institutions shall be implemented as prescribed in the Law on Vocational
education;

c) School council of higher education institutions
shall be implemented as prescribed in the Law on Higher education.

2. School council of junior kindergartens, senior
kindergartens, people-founded young sprout schools is the body exercising the
right of ownership representation as recommended by the residential community
of establishment; responsible for making decisions on the directions of school
operation, planning, development plans, organisation, personnel, financing,
assets, ensuring the realisation of educational objectives and compliance with
the law.

School council shall be composed of representatives
of residential communities, representatives of communal governments and contributors
of the capital used for construction and operation of the school.

3. School council of private schools is a school
management organisation, exercising the right of representation for investors
and parties with relevant benefits, responsible for the implementation of
investors’ decisions.

For private schools invested by domestic investors
and/or foreign investors, school council shall be composed of representatives
of investors, school members and non-members voted and decided in investor
meetings based on percentage of capital contribution.

For not-for-profit private schools invested by
domestic investors, school council shall be composed of representatives of
investors voted and decided in investor meetings based on percentage of capital
contribution; school members and non-members. School members shall include
standard members and voted members. Standard members are the committee-level
secretary, chairwoman/chairman of the labour union, representatives of the
executive board of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union currently learning at
school (if any), the school principal. Voted members are representatives of
teachers and labour workers voted in plenary meetings or delegate meetings of
the school. Non-members are management representatives of managers, educators,
entrepreneurs and alumni voted in plenary meetings or delegate meetings of the
school.   

4. Establishment procedure, organisational
structure, duties and powers of school council towards junior kindergartens,
senior kindergartens, institutions of general education shall be regulated in
charters and organisational and operational regulations of the school. Transfer
of power from management council to school council of junior kindergartens,
senior kindergartens, institutions of general educations shall be implemented
as prescribed by the Minister of Education and Training.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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1. School principal is responsible for managing the
school’s operations and is appointed or recognised by a competent authority.

2. School principal of the national educational
system must be trained and upgraded in school management and meet standards of
school principal.

3. The Minister of Education and Training shall
give specific provision on standards, duties and powers of school principal; on
appointment procedure of principals of institutions of preschool education and
general education.

4. Standards, duties and powers of school
principal; appointment procedure of principals of vocational education and
higher education institutions shall be implemented as prescribed in the Law on
Vocational education, Law on Higher education and other relevant provisions.

Article 57. Advisory board in
school

1. Advisory board in school is set up by school
principal in order to assist school principal in realizing tasks under the
duties and powers of the school principal.

2. Organisation and operation of the advisory board
shall be stipulated in the school charter.

Article 58. Organisations of
the Communist Party in school

Organisations of the Communist Party of Vietnam
within the school shall lead the school and operate according to the
Constitution and law.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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Internal organisations in school are responsible
for contributing to the realisation of educational objectives and shall operate
according to the law.

Article 60. Duties and powers
of schools

1. Schools have the following duties and powers:

a) Publicly announce objectives, programmes,
educational plans, conditions of education quality assurance, evaluation and
accreditation results of education quality; systems of degrees/diplomas and
certificates of schools;

b) Conduct admission, education, training,
scientific research, transfer results of training and scientific research as
appropriate of functions, duties and powers; to ratify or issue
degrees/diplomas and certificates within authority;

c) Propose demands and participate in recruitment
of teachers and labour workers in public schools; to manage and employ teachers
and labour workers; to manage learners;

d) Mobilize, manage and utilize resources according
to the law; to build up infrastructure in conformity with the requirements of
standardisation and modernisation;

dd) To coordinate with learners’ families, organisations
and individuals in educational activities; to arrange for teachers, labour
workers and learners to participate in social activities and community service.

2. The performance of duties, organisational
structure, personnel and finance of public schools are regulated as follows:

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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b) Institutions of vocational education and higher
education shall implement democratic rights and be held accountable in
accordance with the Law on Vocational education, Law on Higher education and
other relevant regulations.

3. People-founded schools and private schools shall
exercise democracy and be responsible for their own development plans,
organisation of educational activities, formation and improvement of teacher
resources, mobilization, use and management of resources for the realisation of
educational objectives.

Section 2. SPECIAL SCHOOLS AND
OTHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Article 61. Boarding general
education schools and day schools for ethnic minorities, pre-university schools

1. The State shall establish boarding general
education schools, day schools and pre-university schools for ethnic minority
children, and for children of long-term resident families in areas with
exceptional socio-economic difficulties.

2. Boarding general education schools and day
schools for ethnic minorities and pre-university schools shall be given
priority in allocation of teachers, infrastructure, equipment and budget.

3. The Minister of Education and Training shall
provide for conditions for students to study in boarding general education
schools and day schools for ethnic minorities and pre-university schools.

Article 62. Specialized
schools, schools for gifted students

1. Specialized schools shall be established at
upper secondary level for students with excellent study achievements to develop
their talents in certain subjects while assuring comprehensive general
education, creating a foundation for the fostering of talents, meeting the
developing requirements of the country.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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2. The State shall give priority in allocating teachers,
infrastructure, equipment and budget to specialized schools and schools for
gifted students established by the State; give incentives to schools for gifted
students established by individuals/organisations.

3. Within the scope of their duties and
authorities, the Minister of Education and Training and Minister of Labour –
War Invalids and Social Affairs shall promulgate advanced educational
programmes, organisational and operational regulations for specialized schools
and schools for gifted students.

Article 63. Schools and
classes for disabled persons

1. The State shall establish and encourage
organisations, individuals to establish schools and classes for disabled
persons to enable them to restore their functions, to receive education and
vocational training and to integrate into the communities.

2. The State shall give priority in allocating
teachers, infrastructure, equipment and budget to schools, classes for disabled
persons established by the State; give incentives to schools, classes for disabled
persons established by individuals, organisations.

Article 64. Reformatory
schools

1. Reformatory schools are responsible for
educating juvenile offenders to enable them to rectify, develop and become good
citizens, capable of re-integrating into society.

2. The Minister of Public Security shall be
responsible for cooperating with the Minister of Education and Training and
Minister of Labour, War Invalids and Social Affairs in stipulating educational
programmes for reformatory schools.

Article 65. Other educational
institutions

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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a) Day care centers, independent senior
kindergarten classes, independent junior kindergarten classes, illiteracy
eradication classes, foreign language classes, informatics classes, classes for
children with difficult circumstances and unable to attend school, classes for
disabled children;

b) Institutions of continuing education, vocational
– continuing education, vocational education, community learning centers,
inclusive education support and development centers, other centers conducting
duties of continuing education;

c) Academies and institutes established by the
Prime Minister in accordance with the Law on Science and Technology and
authorised in doctoral education.

2. Heads of other educational institutions
prescribed in clause 1 of this Article shall be responsible for the quality of
education, management and operation of educational institutions as prescribed
by law.

3. The Government shall provide for conditions and
power of establishment, establishment permission, merging, full division,
partial division, dissolution, operation suspension of educational institutions
prescribed in point a and point b of clause 1 of this Article, except institutions
of vocational education. Within the scope of their duties and authorities, the
Minister of Education and Training and Minister of Labour – War Invalids and
Social Affairs shall stipulate organisational and operational regulations of
educational institutions prescribed in point a and point b of clause 1 of this
Article.

Chapter IV

TEACHERS

Section 1. POSITION, ROLES AND
STANDARDS OF TEACHERS

Article 66. Position, roles of
teachers

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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Teachers working at institutions of preschool
education, general education and other educational institutions or teaching
elementary-level, intermediate-level are called teachers; teachers of colleges
and higher qualifications are called lecturers.

2. Teachers play the decisive role in ensuring
education quality, hold an important position in society and are honoured by
society.

Article 67. Standards of
teachers

Teachers must:

1. Have good morals, ideological and mental
qualifications;

2. Meet professional standards of teaching
position;

3. Have skills of updating and upgrading
professional capacity and knowledge; and

4. Maintain good health as required by the
profession.

Article 68. Professors and
associate professors

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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2. The Prime Minister shall determine criteria and
procedure for appointing and dismissing the titles of professor and associate
professor.

Section 2. DUTIES AND RIGHTS
OF TEACHERS

Article 69. Duties of teachers

1. Educate and teach according to educational
objectives and principles, implementing educational programmes with sufficiency
and quality;

2. Be exemplary in the fulfilment of civic duties,
school charters and code of conduct of teachers.

3. Maintain moral quality, prestige and honor of
teachers; respecting learners’ dignity, treating learners equally; and
protecting legitimate rights and interests of learners.

4. Study and practice continuously to improve moral
quality, political qualification, professional qualification and knowledge,
reforming teaching methods, and being good examples for learners.

Article 70. Rights of teachers

Teachers have the right to:

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(028) 3930 3279

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0906 22 99 66

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2. Receive further education and training to
improve political qualification, professional qualification and knowledge.

3. Work under contract as visiting teacher and/or
researcher in other educational or research institutions.

4. Be protected with regards to their honor,
dignity and physical wellbeing;

5. Have summer vacation as stipulated by the
Government and other holidays as prescribed by law.

Article 71. Visiting teaching

1. Visiting teaching is the act where educational institutions
invite persons meeting criteria stipulated in Article 67 of this Law to conduct
teaching. Persons invited to conduct teaching by educational institutions are
called visiting teachers or visiting lecturers.

2. Visiting teachers and lecturers must perform
duties as defined in Article 69 of this Law. If being officials or public
employees, visiting teachers and lecturers must first assure the fulfilment of
tasks at their organisations.

3. Encourage inviting domestic teachers and
scientists, scientists who are overseas Vietnamese and foreigners to teach at
educational institutions as visiting teachers or lecturers.

Section 3. TRAINING FOR
TEACHERS

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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1. Standardized educational qualifications of
teachers are regulated as follows:

a) Teachers of preschool education teachers must
possess at least a pedagogical college diploma;

b) Teachers of primary education, lower secondary
education and upper secondary education must possess at least a bachelor’s
degree in pedagogy training.

In case a subject is yet to acquire enough teachers
with bachelor’s degree in pedagogy training, teachers of this subject must
possess a bachelor’s degree of suitable specialization and a certificate of
pedagogy training;

c) Lecturers of higher education must possess a
master’s degree; lecturers teaching or instructing master or doctor’s theses
must possess a doctoral degree.

b) Standardized educational qualifications of
teachers working in institutions of vocational education shall follow
regulations in the Law on Vocational education.

2. The Government shall specify road maps for
improving standardized educational qualifications of teachers of preschool
education, primary education and lower secondary education as prescribed in
point a and point b of clause 1 of this Article. Within the scope of their
duties and authorities, the Minister of Education and Training and Minister of
Labour – War Invalids and Social Affairs shall stipulate employment of teachers
not meeting criteria prescribed in clause 1 of this Article.

Article 73. Education and
training for teachers

1. The State shall elaborate policies for educating
and upgrading teachers in terms of political qualification, professional
qualification and knowledge; Teachers nominated to attend educating and
upgrading training shall receive salary and subsidies as regulated by the
Government.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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Article 74. Educational
institutions providing training for teachers and education managers

1. Educational institutions performing the duty of
educating and training teachers include pedagogical schools, educational
institutions with faculty of pedagogy, educational institutions authorised to
educate and train teachers.

2. Educational institutions performing the duty of
educating and training education managers include pedagogical schools,
institutions of higher education with faculty of educational management,
educational institutions authorised to educate and train education managers.

3. Pedagogical schools established by the State to
educate and train teachers and education managers shall be given priority in
teacher recruitment, allocation of education managers, investment in
infrastructure and dormitories, as well as availability of funding. Pedagogical
schools have schools or establishments for trainee-teachers’ practice.

4. Within the scope of their duties and authorities,
the Minister of Education and Training and Minister of Labour – War Invalids
and Social Affairs shall stipulate the performing of the duty of educating and
training teachers and education managers, and stipulate educational
institutions authorised in educating and training teachers and education
managers.

Section 4. POLICIES FOR TEACHERS

Article 75. Vietnamese
Teacher’s Day

The 20th of November is Vietnamese
Teacher’s Day.

Article 76. Salary

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(028) 3930 3279

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0906 22 99 66

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Article 77. Policies for
teachers

1. The State shall elaborate policies of
recruitment, employment, benefits, guaranteeing material and mental needs of teachers
so as to enable them to fulfill their roles and duties.

2. Teachers working at specialized schools, schools
for gifted students, boarding general education schools or day schools for
ethnic minorities, pre-university schools, schools or classes for disabled and
handicapped persons, reformatory schools or other special schools, teachers of
inclusive education shall receive allowances and other preferential policies.

3. The State shall issue incentive and preferential
policies on allowances and other policies for teachers working in areas with
exceptional socio-economic difficulties.

4. The Government shall provide for this Article.

Article 78. Awarding of titles
of “Nhà giáo nhân dân” and “Nhà giáo ưu tú” for outstanding
teachers

Teachers, education managers and educational
researchers who meet the criteria set by the law shall be awarded the title of
“Nhà giáo nhân dân” or “Nhà giáo ưu tú” by the State.

Article 79. Awarding of titles
of “Tiến sĩ danh dự” (honorary doctor) and “Giáo sư danh dự” (honorary
professor)

1. Political/social activists of international
prestige, teachers and scientists who are overseas residing Vietnamese and
foreign nationals with major contributions to the cause of education and
science in Vietnam shall be awarded the title of “Tiến sĩ danh dự” (honorary
doctor) by institutions of higher education.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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3. The Government shall provide for this Article.

Chapter V

LEARNERS

Section 1. DUTIES AND RIGHTS
OF LEARNERS

Article 80. Learners

Learners are persons currently learning at
educational institutions of the national educational system. Learners include:

1. Children at preschool education institutions;

2. Students at general education institutions,
vocational training classes, vocational – continuing education centers,
vocational education centers, vocational secondary schools and pre-university
schools;

3. Students at colleges and universities;

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5. Doctoral candidates at institutions providing
doctoral education;

6. Learners of continuing educational programmes.

Article 81. Rights of and
policies for children at institutions of preschool education

1. Children at preschool education institutions
have the right to:

a) Receive care, nurture and education according to
programmes of preschool education promulgated by the Minister of Education and
Training; to receive health care and protection as prescribed in the Children
Law and other relevant regulations; and

b) Receive discounts on public entertainment
services.

2. The Government shall issue policies for children
at institutions of preschool education.

Article 82. Duties of learners

1. Perform learning and training tasks according to
educational programmes and plans, code of conduct of educational institutions.

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4. Preserve and protect properties of educational
institutions.

5. Contribute to the building, protection and
development of the traditions of educational institutions.

Article 83. Rights of learners

Learners have the right to:

1. Receive education and training so as to develop
comprehensively and realize their potentials to the fullest.

2. Receive respect; equal opportunities in
education and learning; to have their talents, gifts, creations and inventions
developed; to receive full information concerning their own learning and
training.

3. Have the possibility of leaping grades,
shortening programme duration, learning at an age higher than regulated,
extending programme duration or repeating class, be enabled to learn educational
programmes as prescribed by law.

4. Learn in a safe and healthy educational
environment.

5. Be awarded degrees/diplomas or certificates
after completing educational levels, training qualifications or completing
educational programmes as prescribed by law.

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7. Use infrastructure, libraries, equipment and
facilities assigned to learning, cultural, sporting, athletic activities at
educational institutions.

8. Submit, directly or through their legal
representatives, to educational institutions measures for the improvement of
educational institutions, to protect learners’ rights and interests.

9. Benefit from preferential State policies in
recruitment into State agencies upon graduation with excellent records and good
conduct.

10. Elect representatives for school council as
prescribed by law.

Section 2. POLICIES FOR
LEARNERS

Article 84. Educational
credits

The State shall issue preferential credit policies
concerning interest rates, credit’s conditions and duration to enable learners
to study. Encourage private sector involvement in educational credits.

Article 85. Scholarships,
social subsidies,
tuition exemption/reduction, subsidies on tuition and
living costs

1. The State shall issue policies on granting
academic scholarships to students with excellent scholastic achievements at
specialized schools, schools for gifted students as stipulated in Article 62 of
this Law and to learners with good academic and training results or higher at
institutions of vocational education and higher education; on granting policy
scholarships to students enrolled by form of nomination, students at
pre-university schools, boarding general education schools for ethnic
minorities, learners at vocational education institutions for war invalids,
disabled and handicapped persons.

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0906 22 99 66

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3. The State shall encourage organisations and
individuals to grant scholarships or subsidies to learners as prescribed by
law.

4. Students at pedagogical institutions will
receive subsidies on tuition and living costs throughout the entirety of the
course. 02 years after graduation, if persons that receive the subsidies do not
work in the field of education or fail to work in education for a sufficient
duration, they will have to reimburse the State for the subsidies. The maximum
time limit for reimbursement is equal to the training duration.

Students at pedagogical institutions are entitled
to academic incentive scholarships, social subsidies, tuition
exemption/reduction as prescribed in clause 1 and clause 2 of this Article.

5. The Government shall provide for this Article.

Article 86. Exemption,
reduction of public service fees for students, students

Students and students are entitled to fee exemption
or reduction when using public services in transportation, entertainment, and
visits to museums, historical relics and cultural attractions as stipulated by
the Government.

Article 87. Admission by form
of nomination

1. The State shall grant admission into vocational
secondary schools, colleges and universities by means of nomination for
students from ethnic minorities with sparse population; students from ethnic
minorities living in areas with exceptional socio-economic difficulties and
have no or few officials/public employees who are of ethnic minorities; issue
policies on formation of nominated admission source, enabling the regulated
entities to enter boarding general education schools for ethnic minorities and
increasing pre-university learning time.

2. People’s Committees at provincial level, based
on the needs of their localities, shall propose and allocate nomination quotas;
selecting persons according to approved criteria and quotas; recruiting and
assigning jobs for learners after graduation.

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3. Students of this nomination mode shall be responsible
for returning to work for the locality sending them to study; be recruited and
assigned jobs.

4. The Government shall regulate criteria and
beneficiaries of the nomination mode; organize the implementation of the
nomination mode and employment of learners of nomination mode after graduation.

Article 88. Awards for
learners

Learners with excellent achievements in learning
and training shall be awarded by educational institutions or education
authorities; in case of exceptional achievements, the awards shall be issued as
regulated by law.

Chapter VI

RESPONSIBILITIES OF
SCHOOLS, FAMILIES AND SOCIETY IN EDUCATION

Article 89. Responsibilities
of schools

1. Schools shall be responsible for implementing plans
of universalization of education and codes of conduct; actively liaising with
families and society to organize or participate in educational activities in
compliance with school plans, ensuring the safety of teachers and learners;
informing study and training results of students to their parents or guardians.

2. Other regulations related to schools in this
Chapter shall be applied to other educational institutions.

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1. Parents or guardians shall be responsible for
nurturing, educating, and caring, enabling their children or persons under
their guardianship to learn, receive universalized education, complete
compulsory education, train and participate in school activities; for
respecting teachers, preventing disrespect of dignity and honor, and physical
assault towards teachers.

2. All family members shall be responsible for
creating a cultural family and a favourable environment for comprehensively
moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic development of their children;
adults are responsible for educating, setting examples for their children, and
working with schools to improve quality and efficiency of education.

Article 91. Responsibilities
of parents or guardians of students

1. Receive information on study and training
results of their children or persons under their guardianship.

2. Take part in educational activities according to
school plans; participate in activities of the representative committee of
students’ parents at school.

3. Cooperate with schools and/or education
authorities to respond to issues related to the education of their children or
persons under their guardianship by law.

Article 92. Representative
committee of pre-school students’ parents

1. Representative committee for the students’ parents
is established every school year at general and preschool education levels,
nominated by parents or guardians in each class or school to liaise with
schools in caring, nurturing and educating students, and operating as regulated
by the Minister of Education and Training.

2. This committee shall not be established at
inter-school or administrative level.

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0906 22 99 66

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1. Agencies, organisations and individuals shall
have the following responsibilities:

a) Assisting and cooperating with schools in
organizing educational and research activities; facilitating teachers and
learners in visits, experiences, practice and scientific research;

b) Contributing to the creation of a safe and
healthy educational environment, while preventing activities with possible
negative effects on learners;

c) Enabling citizens of suitable age to fulfill
learning obligations so as to contribute to the universalization of education,
completing compulsory education, with a view to guaranteeing learners healthy
recreational, cultural, sporting and athletic activities;

d) Contributing resources for the cause of
educational development according to their capacities.

2. The Vietnam Fatherland Front Committee and its
member organisations shall be responsible for mobilizing the population to take
care of the cause of education.

3. The Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union and the Ho
Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organisation shall be responsible for cooperating with
schools in educating the youth and children; mobilizing the youth and children
to set examples in learning, training and participating in the development of
the cause of education.

Article 94. Learning promotion
funds and educational sponsoring funds

The State shall encourage organisations and individuals
in setting up learning promotion funds and educational sponsoring funds. The
establishment and operation of these funds shall be in accordance with the law.

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INVESTMENT AND FINANCE
IN EDUCATION

Article 95. Financial sources
of educational investment

Financial sources of investment in education
comprise:

1. State budget;

2. Legal investment capitals of domestic and
foreign organisations and individuals;

3. Incomes from educational, training, scientific
and technological services; service and assistance to educational operation of
educational institutions; incomes from business operation; interest from
deposits in banks and other legal incomes as regulated by law;

4. Funding for fulfilment of the State’s requests;

5. Loans;

6. Sponsorship, aid, grants of domestic and
international organisations and individuals.

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1. The State shall give first priority to the
allocation of state budget for education, ensuring that educational and
training expenditures take up at least 20% of the State budget.

2. The State budget for education must be allocated
on the principles of transparency and democracy, based on the educational
scale, socio-economic development conditions of each region; securing budget
for universalized education, educational development in ethnic minority areas
and areas with exceptional socio-economic difficulties.

The State shall be responsible for the full and
timely allocation of budget so as to facilitate the universalization of education
and to meet the progress of the school year.

3. Education authorities and educational
institutions shall be responsible for effective management and use of the
allocated budget for education and other incomes as prescribed by law.

Article 97. Priority in
finance and land allocation for building schools

Ministries, ministerial-level agencies, People’s
Councils and People’s Committees at all levels shall be responsible for
incorporating the construction of schools, sporting, athletic, cultural, artistic
facilities in service of education into the planning and socio-economic
development plan of their sectors and localities; and shall give priority in
finance and land allocation for the construction of schools and dormitories for
students and students in their socio-economic development plans.

Article 98. Encouragement to
invest in education

1. The State shall encourage and enable
organisations and individuals to invest and contribute their intellects, labour
and financial resources to education.

2. Contributions and grants made by organisations
and individuals to education shall be removed when determining taxable income
in accordance with regulations on taxation.

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Article 99. Tuition and
expenses of educational and training services

1. Tuition is a contribution made by learners to
partially or fully cover expenses of educational and training services. Tuition
rate is determined based on road maps for assurance of expenses for educational
and training services prescribed by the Government. For institutions of
vocational education and higher education, this rate is calculated based on the
Law on Vocational education and Law on Higher education.

2. Expenses of educational and training services
include the total amount of salary, direct costs, management costs and
depreciation of fixed assets in direct or indirect service of educational
operation in accordance with educational programmes.

Admission fees contributed by candidates when
submitting an application or taking an entrance examination shall be determined
based on road maps of accuracy and adequacy.

3. Students at primary education level in public
educational institutions are not required to pay tuition; in areas lacking
public schools, primary school students in private educational institutions
shall receive subsidies on tuition from the State, with the support rate
specified by provincial People’s Councils.

4. Pre-school children at 05 years of age in
villages and communes with exceptional difficulties, ethnic minority areas,
remote and isolated areas, coastal areas and islands shall be exempted from
tuition.

5. Pre-school children at 05 years of age beside
those regulated in clause 4 of this Article and students at lower secondary
education level shall be exempted from tuition based on road maps specified by
the Government.

6. Mechanisms for collecting and managing tuition
and service fees of educational operation are prescribed as follows:

a) The Government shall set tuition collecting and
managing mechanisms for public institutions of preschool education, general
education, vocational education and higher education;

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0906 22 99 66

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c) Provincial People’s Committees shall set
collecting and using mechanisms for admission fees of each educational level
under provincial management after receiving the approval from provincial
People’s Councils;

d) People-founded and private educational
institutions are entitled to set the rate of their tuition and other service
fees, ensuring expense recoupment and reasonable accumulation. Publicly
announce expenses of educational and training services and fee rate as
guaranteed in school’s establishment proposal; and on the basis of each
educational course/level/year as prescribed by lawsoft.

Article 100. Tax incentives
for textbooks, teaching materials and equipment

The State shall provide tax incentives for the
publication of textbooks, syllabi and teaching materials; for the production
and supply of teaching equipment and children toys in institutions of preschool
education; for the import of books, periodicals, teaching and learning
materials, teaching equipment and research equipment used in educational
institutions in accordance with tax laws.

Article 101. Financial
regulations for educational institutions

1. Public educational institutions shall manage
financial incomes and expenditures, manage property use as regulated by the Law
on State budget, Law on Management and use of public properties and other
relevant regulations; implement regulations on accounting, auditing, taxation
and financial transparency in compliance with the law.

2. People-founded and private institutions shall
operate on the principle of financial autonomy, implement regulations on
accounting, auditing, taxation, property valuation and financial transparency
as prescribed by law. Incomes of people-founded and private institutions shall
be used for expenditures of the institutions’ necessary operations, fulfilment
of duties to the State budget, establishment of investment development funds
and other funds of the institutions. The remaining incomes shall be distributed
to investors according to their contributions of capital, except for
not-for-profit educational institutions.

3. Educational institutions shall publish expenses
of educational and training services and fee rate for each school year of
preschool education and general education; for each school year and
provisionally for each course of vocational education and higher education.

Article 102. Rights on
ownership of properties and transfer of capital for people-founded schools and
private schools

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2. Properties of private schools fall under the
ownership of investors, are formed from capital contributions of investors and
determined by contract of capital contribution of investors. Transfer of
contributed capital shall take place as prescribed by law.

3. Capital transfer of people-founded schools,
private schools shall ensure the stability and development of the school and take
place as prescribed by the Government.

Article 103. Preferential
policies for people-founded schools and private schools

1. People-founded and private schools shall receive
land allocation or rental, infrastructure allocation or rental by the State, receive
budget support when implementing duties requested by the State, and benefit
from preferential policies on taxes and credits; shall receive financial
assurance from the State in order to implement policies for learners as
stipulated in Article 85 of this Law.

2. The Government shall provide for this Article.

Chapter VIII

STATE MANAGEMENT OF
EDUCATION

Section 1. CONTENTS OF STATE
MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION AND STATE AGENCIES IN CHARGE OF MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION

Article 104. Contents of
state management of education

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2. Promulgating and organizing the execution of
legislative documents on education; promulgating school charters, standards of
educational institutions, organisational and operational regulations of
educational institutions, charters of representative committee of students’
parents; regulations on in-school and out-of-school teaching and educating
activities; regulations on assessment of study and training results; awarding
and discipline for learners.

3. Defining standards of titles, working principles
of teachers and education managers,  job category framework and staff
quota in educational institutions; standards of heads, deputy heads of
educational institutions; standards of heads, deputy heads of educational
specialized agencies under the management of provincial/communal People’s
Committees; professional standards of teachers; promulgating codes of conduct
for teachers, for educational institutions; requirements on conditions,
standards and forms of recruitment of teachers.

4. Defining objectives, programmes and contents of
education; the Vietnamese Qualifications Framework; teacher standards;
standards and usage quota of school infrastructure and equipment; compilation,
publication and use of textbooks and syllabi; examination, testing, admission,
joint training and management of degrees/diplomas and certificates; recognition
of degrees/diplomas issued by foreign educational institutions for use in
Vietnam.

5. Stipulating
the evaluation of education quality; organizing and managing education quality
assurance and accreditation.

6. Conducting statistical and informing work on
educational organisation and operation.

7. Organizing educational management apparatus.

8. Organizing and directing the training, upgrading
and management of teachers and education managers.

9. Mobilizing, managing and utilizing resources for
educational development.

10. Organizing, managing scientific and
technological research and application in the education sector.

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12. Inspecting, supervising education regulatory
compliance; settlement of complaints, denunciations and handling of law
violations in education.

Article 105. Education
authorities

1. The Government shall exercise the unified state
management of education.

The Government shall consult the National Assembly
on major guidelines that may affect learning rights and duties of citizens
nation-wide, guidelines on reform of educational contents related to a whole
educational level; annually report to the National Assembly on educational
operation and educational budgetary execution; consult the Standing Committee
of the National Assembly on large-scale application of new educational policies
that have been successfully piloted when such application may affect learning
rights and duties of citizens nation-wide.

2. The Ministry of Education and Training is
accountable to the Government for the implementation of state management of
preschool education, general education, higher education, vocational secondary
education in pedagogy, pedagogical colleges and continuing education.

3. The Ministry of Labour – War Invalids and Social
Affairs is accountable to the Government for the implementation of state
management of vocational education, except for pedagogical vocational secondary
education and colleges.

4. Within the scope of their duties and
authorities, other ministries and ministerial-level agencies shall be
responsible for cooperating with the Ministry of Education and Training,
Ministry of Labour – War Invalids and Social Affairs to exercise the state
management of education.

5. The People’s Committees of all levels shall
implement state management of education according to the Government’s
delegation and, within the scope of their duties and authorities, shall perform
the following duties:

a) Reviewing the education regulatory compliance of
local educational institutions;

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c) Developing school types, conducting private
sector involvement in education; meeting the demands of scale expansion,
improvement of education quality and efficiency in their localities;

d) Implementing State guidelines, policies and
local policies to ensure autonomy and accountability for the fulfilment of
duties and education quality of educational institutions under their
management;

dd) Be responsible for the results of the
implementation of strategies, plans and policies on educational development at
localities.

Section 2. INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION IN EDUCATION

Article 106. Principles of
international cooperation in education

The State shall expand and develop international
cooperation in education on the principles of respect for national independence
and sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit of all parties.

Article 107. Cooperation in
education with other countries

1. The State shall encourage and enable Vietnamese
educational institutions to cooperate with foreign organisations, individuals,
and overseas residing Vietnamese in teaching, learning and scientific research.

2. The State shall encourage and enable Vietnamese
citizens to participate in teaching, studying, research and academic exchange
abroad, either at their own expenses or by funding from domestic or foreign
organisations/individuals.

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0906 22 99 66

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4. The State shall stipulate the act of Vietnamese
citizens teaching, studying, conducting research and/or academic exchange
abroad; educational cooperation with foreign organisations, individuals, and
overseas residing Vietnamese.

Article 108. Foreign
cooperation and investment in education

1. The State shall encourage and enable foreign
organisations and individuals, international organisations, overseas residing
Vietnamese to conduct teaching, studying, investment, sponsorship, cooperation,
scientific research, application and transfer of educational technology in
Vietnam; protect legitimate rights and benefits as prescribed in Vietnamese law
and international conventions signed or acceded by the Socialist Republic of
Vietnam.

2. Educational cooperation with Vietnam must ensure
that learners are educated in personality, civic competence and qualification;
honor the national cultural identity; ensure that educational objectives,
requirements on educational contents, methods are suitable with each
educational level and training qualification in the national educational
system; ensure educational operation is in compliance with Vietnamese lawsoft.

3. Types of foreign educational cooperation and
investment in Vietnam include:

a) Joint education and training;

b) Establishment of representative offices;

c) Establishment of branches/campuses of
educational institutions;

d) Establishment of educational institutions;

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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4. The Government shall provide for this Article.

Article 109. Recognition of foreign
degrees/diplomas

1. A degree/diploma issued by a foreign educational
institution will be recognised for use in Vietnam in the following cases:

a) It is issued to learners of a foreign general
education or higher education institution upon completion of an accredited
educational programme of the issuing country and recognised by an education
authority of that country;

b) It is issued by a foreign educational
institution which is operating legally in another country beside the country
where its headquarters are located and permitted by education authorities of
both countries to establish branches/campuses or conduct joint training, and
meets regulations in point a of this clause;

c) It is issued by a foreign educational
institution which is operating legally in Vietnam and conducting educational
operation in accordance with the Government’s regulations on educational
cooperation and investment and on approval of a competent authority, and meets
regulations in point a of this clause.

2. Within the scope of their duties and
authorities, the Minister of Education and Training shall sign international
agreements on the equivalence or mutual recognition of degrees/diplomas;
elaborate conditions, order, procedure and authority of degree/diploma
recognition; provide information on accredited higher education institutions
recognised by host countries.

Recognition of foreign vocational degrees/diplomas
shall comply with the Law on Vocational education.

Section 3. ACCREDITATION OF
EDUCATION QUALITY

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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1. Objectives of accreditation of education quality
are regulated as follows:

a) Ensure and improve education quality;

b) Verify the level of achieving educational
objectives of educational institutions or training programmes in each period of
time;

c) Serve as the basis for educational institutions
to explain to owners, competent authorities, relevant parties and the society
about the state of education quality;

d) Serve as the basis for learners to choose
educational institutions, training programmes, for recruiters to employ
workforce.

2. Accreditation of education quality must be:

a) Independent, objective, legitimate;

b) Honest, public, transparent;

c) Equal, compulsory, periodic.

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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a) Institutions of preschool education, general
education and continuing education;

b) Educational institutions and training programmes
of all qualifications of vocational education and higher education.

Article 111. Contents of
state management of education quality accreditation

1. Promulgating provisions on standards of
education quality evaluation; procedure and schedule of education quality accreditation
at each educational level/training qualification; operating regulations,
conditions and standards of accrediting organisations and individuals; granting
permits for operations of education quality accreditation; granting and
revoking certificates of education quality accreditation.

2. Managing activities of accreditation of training
programmes and educational institutions.

3. Instructing organisations, individuals and
educational institutions on conducting evaluation and accreditation of education
quality.

4. Reviewing, evaluating the implementation of
regulations on education quality accreditation.

Article 112. Education
quality accreditation organisations.

1. Education quality accreditation organisations
(hereinafter referred to as “accrediting organisations”) include:

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(028) 3930 3279

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0906 22 99 66

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b) Accrediting organisations established by
domestic and foreign organisations and individuals;

c) Foreign accrediting organisations.

2. The implementation of education quality
accreditation is regulated as follows:

a) The Government shall provide for conditions and
procedure of establishment, operating permits, suspension, dissolution of
accrediting organisations; on conditions and procedure for accrediting
organisations to be recognised in Vietnam;

b) The Minister of Education and Training shall
make decisions on establishment or establishment permission, suspension of
operation, dissolution of institutions of education quality accreditation;
stipulate responsibilities, powers of institutions of education quality
accreditation for preschool education, general education and continuing
education; issue or revoke recognition decisions of institutions of education
quality accreditation operating in Vietnam; stipulate supervision and
evaluation of institutions of education quality accreditation;

c) Education quality accreditation for vocational
education and higher education shall comply with provisions of the Law on
Vocational education and Law on Higher education.

Chapter IX

IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS

Article 113. Amendments to
some articles of Law on Vocational education No. 74/2014/QH13, amended in
accordance with Law No. 97/2015/QH13 and Law No. 21/2017/QH14

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(028) 3930 3279

DĐ:

0906 22 99 66

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“a) Students having upper secondary degrees or
certificates of completion of general educational programme or certificates to
have obtained adequate upper secondary education knowledge, having at least
very good vocational secondary diplomas and having registered the same
specialization or profession;

b) Students having upper secondary degrees or
certificates of completion of general educational programme or certificates to
have obtained adequate upper secondary education knowledge, having good
vocational secondary diplomas, having at least 02 years of working experience
in trained specialization or profession and having registered the same
specialization or profession;”

2. Amendments to clause 3 of Article 33 as follows:

 “3. The training duration of the year-based
college-level shall last from 02 to 03 years for upper secondary graduates
according to their specializations or professions; from 01 to 02 years
according to specializations or professions for students who have vocational
secondary diplomas of the same specialization or profession and upper secondary
degrees or certificates of completion of general educational programme or
certificates to have obtained adequate upper secondary education knowledge.

The training duration of the college-level in the
form of module or credit accumulation is the time in which modules or credits
are sufficiently accumulated according to each training programme for students
who have upper secondary degrees or certificates of completion of general
educational programme or certificates to have obtained adequate upper secondary
education knowledge.”

Article 114. Implementation
effect

1. This Law takes effect from July 01, 2020.

2. The Education Law No. 38/2005/QH11, amended in
accordance with Law No. 44/2009/QH12, Law No. 74/2014/QH13 and Law No.
97/2015/QH13, ceases to be effective starting from the date on which this Law
comes into force, except for the cases prescribed in Article 115 of this Law.

Article 115. Transitional
provisions

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0906 22 99 66

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This Law was passed by the 14th
National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam during its 7th session
on June 14, 2019.

 

 

THE CHAIRWOMAN
OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan