Internet routing protocol (article) | Khan Academy
Not all routers contain all the information, that just wouldn’t be feasible. Imagine it like each router knows what happens in its area, so if one router doesn’t know where the target is it sends you to the router that’s in the general area and therefore should know where to send information.
It’s like someone might know where the east side of the city is, but they have no idea where 123 Main Street is located. So they give you directions to the east side and once you’re there you have to find someone to give you directions to 123 Main Street.
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