Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp trong tiếng Anh: Công thức, cách dùng và bài tập áp dụng – Kiến Thức Tiếng Anh

Chào các bạn, tiếp tục chuỗi kiến thức về phần ngữ pháp câu điều kiện, hôm nay Kienthuctienganh sẽ cùng các bạn đi sâu vào tìm hiểu một loại câu điều kiện đặc biệt đó là câu điều kiện hỗn hợp. Hỗn hợp ở đây tức là sự kết hợp giữa hai loại câu điều kiện khác nhau tạo thành.

Dạng 1. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp “3 – 2”

Câu điều kiện “3 – 2” Diễn tả một giả thiết trái với quá khứ nhưng kết quả trái với hiện tại.

If clause

Main clause

If + S + past perfect

S + would/ could/ might… + V_inf

Ví dụ:

1. If I had known you were in hospital, I would go to see you.
(Nếu tôi biết bạn ở trong bệnh viện thì tôi sẽ vào thăm bạn)
+ If I had known you were in hospital – trái với quá khứ -> I didn’t know
+ I would go to see you – trái với hiện tại -> I don’t go to see you.

2. I didn’t bring an umbrella, I am wet now.
→ If I had brought an umbrella, I wouldn’t be wet now.
(Nếu tôi mang theo dù, thì bây giờ bây giờ tôi sẽ không bị ướt)

Dạng 2. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp “2 – 3”

Câu điều kiện “2 – 3” Diễn tả một giải thiết trái với hiện tại nhưng kết quả thì trái với quá khứ.

If clause

Main clause

If + S + simple past

S + would/ could + have + V3/ed

Ví dụ:

1. If I were good at cooking, I’d have cooked by myself for dinner last night.
(Nếu tôi giỏi nấu nướng, thì tôi đã tự nấu cho bữa tối hôm qua rồi.)
+ If I were good at cooking – trái với hiện tại -> I am not good at cooking.
+ I’d have cooked by myself for dinner last night – trái với quá khứ -> I didn’t cook by myself for dinner last night.

2. She is kind. She helped me with my homework yesterday.
→ If she weren’t kind, she wouldn’t have helped me with my homework yesterday.
(Nếu cô ấy không tốt bụng,thì ngày hôm qua cô ấy đã không giúp tôi làm bài tập.)

3. Bài Tập

Exercise: Using the given information, make conditional sentences with IF
1. She is living in China because she got married to a Chinese.
………………………………………………………………
2. I am tired now because I went home late yesterday.
………………………………………………………………
3. She did the homework last night so she gets a high score today.
………………………………………………………………
4. It rained yesterday so I don’t go to school today.
………………………………………………………………
5. I missed the end of the film so I don’t know who the murderer was.
………………………………………………………………
6. We reach Sally’s house now because we didn’t ask for direction earlier
………………………………………………………………
7. Since he is an only child, his parents have spoiled him
………………………………………………………………
8. Bob didn’t learn Chinese in high school, so he doesn’t have many job opportunities.
………………………………………………………………
9. I am not rich. I didn’t buy that house last month.
………………………………………………………………

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer
1. If she …………………….. the lottery last year, She……………………..rich now.
A. Have won/would be       B. had won/would be        C.won/would be        D. wins/will be
2. If I ……………..the homework last night, I……………..bonus today.
A. Had done/would get        B. had done/would have got        C. done/would get        D. does/will get
3. If we had played this game yesterday, we……………….a lot of money now.
A. Will have        B. may have        C. would have had        D. would have
4. If it ……………………………last night, it would be cold today.
A. Had rained        B. rained        C. have rained        D. was raining
5. If she……………….to me, she……………………..in trouble right now.
A. Had listened/would be        B. had listened/would have be        C. had listened/would not be        D. A & B
6. If it had rained one hour ago, the streets………… wet now.
A. Would have be        B. will be        C. be        D. would be
7. If I ……………….to the beach yesterday, I would be tired today.
A. Have gone        B. Goes        C. had gone        D. A & B
8. If they had gone to school yesterday, they………..to the museum now.
A. Would go        B. will go        C. could go        D. A&C
9. If he had done exercise last night, he………soccer right now.
A. Will play        B. can play        C. plays        D. could play.
10. If Nina had not gone out last week, she………………die now.
A. Will        B. would        C. could        D. B&C

4. Đáp án

Exercise 1: Using the given information, make conditional sentences with IF
1. If She hadn’t got married to a Chinese, She wouldn’t be living in china
2. If I hadn’t gone home late yesterday, I wouldn’t be tired now.
3. If She hadn’t done the homework last night, She wouldn’t get a high score today.
4. If It hadn’t rained yesterday, I wouldn’t go to school today.
5. If I hadn’t missed the end of the film, I would know who the murderer was.
6. If we had asked for direction earlier, we would reach Sally’s house now.
7. If he weren’t an only child, his parents wouldn’t have spoiled him.
8. If Bob had learned Chinese in high school, he would have many job opportunities.
9. If I were rich, I would have bought that house last month.

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer
1. B. had won/would be
2. A. Had done/would get
3. D. would have
4. A. Had rained
5. C. had listened/would not be
6. D. would be
7. C. had gone
8. D. A&C
9. D. could play
10. D. B&C

Vậy là chúng ta đã hoàn thành xong phần ngữ pháp về câu điều kiện hỗn hợp. Nếu có bất kì thắc mắc gì về nội dung của bài học, hãy để lại ý kiến ở mục bình luận bên dưới nhé! Chúc các bạn nhanh chóng master điểm ngữ pháp này nha!